2019年成人本科学位英语语法突破之时态和语态讲解

一、时态和语态

1. 如何解答时态问题

例 1：You’ve already missed too many classes this term. You ______ just last week.

A. missed B. would miss C. had missed D. have missed

例 2：Anne asked Tom ______ the key.

A. when he left B. where he had left C. how he left D. why did he left

考试重点：

2. 与完成时有关的时态

★现在完成时 (have done) since, for/ in the past few months, up to now 例

1：Collecting toy cars as a hobby becomes increasingly popular during the past fifty years.

A B C D

例 2：English ______ in a new way at my college in the past few years.

A. has been taught B. was being taught

C. has been taught D. had been taught.

★过去完成时 (had done)

例 3：Anne asked Tom ______ the key.

A. when he left B. where he had left C. how he left D. why did he left

例 4：The chemistry class_____ for five minutes when we hurried there.

A. had been on B. had begun C. has been on D. would began

★将来完成时 (will have done) by

例 5：We’re late I expect the film_____ by the time we get to the cinema.

A. had already started B. have already

C. will already have started D. have already been started.

★现在完成进行时 (have been doing)

例 6：It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take the machine apart to put

it right.

A. had leaked B. is leaking C. leaked D. has been leaking

★过去完成进行时 (had been doing)

★ 将来完成进行时 (will have been doing )

例 7：By the time you arrive this evening, _______for two hours.

A. I will study B. I will have been studied

C. I had studied D. I will have been studying.

3. 在时间和条件状语从句中不用将来时态

▲用一般现在时代替一般将来时

例 1：When the mixture_____, it will give off a powerful force.

A. will heat B. will be heated C. is heated D. has heated

例 2：please be sure to telephone me the next time you ______.

A. will come B. would come C. shall come D. come

▲用现在完成时代替将来完成时

例 3：Smith is to study medicine as soon as he_______ military service.

A. will finish B. has finished C. finish D. would finish

注意：

例 4：No one can be sure if the car on display fits him or her until he or she______ them.

A. tries B. will try C. are trying D. have tried

4. 考试小窍门

◆考试中如果遇到与完成时态相关的选项，要重点加以研读，一般说来是正确答案。