湖北成人学位英语考试真题及答案详解（2）

责编：杨锐频 2021-05-19

湖北成人学位英语考试真题及答案详解（2）

Part II Reading Comprehension(40 points)

Directions: in this part There are 4 passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B ,C and D.Choose the one you think is the best answer.then mark the corresponding letter in the Answer Sheet One with a single line through the center.

Passage One

We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched.We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming( 把…按能力分班)pupils.It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child.After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!

Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability.This is only one aspect of their total personality.We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability.We also value personal qualities and social skills and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.

In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to cooperate, to share, and to develop their leadership skills.They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively.The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.

Sometimes the pupils work in pairs;sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed.They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate.We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently.An advanced pupil can do advanced work;it does not matter what age the child is.We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.

21.In the passage the writer's attitude towards "mixed-ability teaching" is (　　).

A. critical

B. questioning

C. approving

D. objective

22.By "held back" the writer means"(　　)".

A.made to remain in the same classes

B.forced to study in the lower classes

C.drawn to their studies

D.prevented from advancing

23. The writer argues that a teacher's chief concern should be the development of the student's (　　).

A.personal qualities and social skills

B.total personality

C.learning ability and communicative skills

D.intellectual ability

24.Which of the following is not mentioned in the third paragraph?

A.Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with others.

B.Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities.

C.Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capable organizers.

D.Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities.

25.The writer's purpose in writing this passage is to (　　).

A.argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same class

B.recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities

C.offer advice on the proper use of the library

D.emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching

Passage Two

There was a time in my life when beauty meant something special to me.I guess that would have been when I was about six or seven years old, just several weeks or maybe a month before the orphanage (孤儿院) turned me into an old man.

I would get up every morning at the orphanage, make my bed just like the little soldier that I had become and then I would get into one of the two straight lines and march to breakfast with the other twenty or thirty boys who also lived in my dormitory.

After breakfast one Saturday morning I returned to the dormitory and saw the house parent chasing the beautiful monarch butterflies who lived by the hundreds in the bushes scattered around the orphanage.

I carefully watched as he caught these beautiful creatures, one after another, and then took thegn from the net and then stuck straight pins through their head and wings, pinning them onto a heavy cardboard sheet.

How cruel it was to kill something of such beauty.I had walked many times out into the bushes, all by myself, just so the butterflies could land on my head, face and hands so I could look at them up close.

When the telephone rang the house parent laid the large cardboard paper down on the back cement(水泥) step and went inside to answer the phone.I walked up to the cardboard and looked at the one butterfly who he had just pinned to the large paper. It was still moving about so I reached down and touched it on the wing causing one of the pins to fall out.It started flying around and around trying to get away but it was still pinned by the one wing with the other straight pin.Finally its wing broke off and the butterfly fell to the ground and just trembled.

I picked up the torn wing and the butterfly and I spat on its wing and tried to get it to stick back on so it could fly away and be free before the house parent came back.But it would not stay on him.

26.The author set the living butterfly free because (　　).

A.he liked it very much

B.he had sympathy for the beautiful butterfly

C.he couldn't bear a butterfly dying in his favorite bushes

D.its wing broke off

27.According to the passage, the author's life in the orphanage was (　　).

A.dull and full of strict rules

B.simple and easy

C.happy and full of hope

D.hard and busy

28. What is the author's attitude towards the house parent's pinning some butterflies on the cardboard?

A. tolerant

B. unconcerned

C. disgusted

D. discouraged

29.We know from the passage that (　　).

A.the author lived alone in the dormitory

B.there were one hundred butterflies living in the bushes

C.the cardboard paper was left on the step so as to be watched

D.the author failed to stick the worn wing onto the butterfly with his spit

30.Which of the following is right according to the passage?

A.I found beauty meant nothing special to me.

B.The house parent helped the children handle the quilt.

C.The house parent chased the butterfly in order to show it to the children.

D.I thought it cruel to catch the butterfly.

Passage Three

What exactly is a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you, you say "I wish I could help you but I'm short of money myself." In fact, you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don't want to hurt his feeling by reminding him of this.Is this really a lie?

Professor Jerald Jellison of the University of Southern California has made a scientific study of lying.

According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a "white lie".For instance, when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress, she really thinks it looks awful.

However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intention of fulfilling.This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.

Research has also been done into the way people's behavior changes in a number of small,apparently unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual.To the trained observer they are saying "I wish I were somewhere else now" .They also tend to touch certain parts of the face more often, in particular the nose.

One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure.The tip of the nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressure makes it itch.

Another gesture which gives liars away is what the writer Desmond Morris in his book Man-watching calls "the mouth cover". He says there are several typical forms of this, such as covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting the hand at one side of the mouth.Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself or herself from lying.

Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently in this situation.It is not one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things, and in particular the context in which the lie is told.

31.According to the passage, a "white lie" seems to be a lie (　　).

A.that other people believe

B.that other people don't believe

C.told in order to avoid offending someone

D.told in order to take advantage of someone

32.Research suggests that women (　　).

A.are better at telling less serious lies than men

B.generally lie far more than men do

C.often make promises they intend to break

D.lie at parties more often that men do

33.Researchers find that when a person tells lies (　　).

A.his blood pressure increases measurably

B.he looks very serious

C.he tends to make some small changes in his behavior

D.he uses his unconscious mind

34.One reason people sometimes rub their noses when they tell lies is that (　　).

A.they wish they were somewhere else

B.the nose is sensitive to physical changes caused by lying

C.they want to cover their mouths

D.they are trying to stop themselves from telling lies

35.Which of the following may best betray a liar?

A.The touching of the tip of one's nose.

B.The changes of one's behavior.

C."The mouth cover" gesture.

D.The circumstances in which his lie is told.

Passage Four

Throughout the past century humanity did everything in its power to control nature. We dammed earth's rivers, chopped down the forests and exhausted the soils. Burning up fuels, we pumped a great deal of greenhouse gases into the air, altering the chemistry of the atmosphere and warming the planet in just a few decades.And as our population began in the year 2000 above the 6 billion mark, still spreading across the continents, dozens of animal and plant species were dying out every, day, including the first primate(灵长类) to disappear in more than 100 years.

As the start of the 21st century there were unmistakable signs that nature was beginning to take its revenge. Melting ice in both poles of the earth suggested that the climate was changing rapidly. Weather was even more changeable than usual, giving some places too little rain and others too much.Fires raced across the dried American West last summer, and recent storms spread damages from Britain to China.No specific event could be directly blamed on global warming.Floods and drought will be more frequent and severe.Other sad signs from an overburdened planet include falling grain and fish harvests and fierce competition for scarce water supplies.

But there were also, in the year 2000, signs of great awareness.Connected by the Internet, hundreds of millions of people gathered for the 30th anniversary of Earth Day. Governments from Washington to Lima took steps to protect the large wild areas from development. Progress was made toward using more renewable energy from the wind and the sun, and new cars that used both gasoline and electricity spotted(显示) fuel-economy statistics.

The goal for the new century is "sustainable development" .Is that possible? It depends on how well we understand that humanity is part of nature, not lord and master.

36.What is the result of the human control over the nature?

A.Natural resources are being exhausted.

B.There is a global warming effect.

C.Species of animals and plants are reduced.

D.All of the above.

37.It can be inferred from the passage that scarce water supplies are directly caused by (　　).

A.less ice in both poles

B.the more changeable weather

C.something not mentioned in the text

D.the larger population

38.Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A.Ameriea suffered a lot from fires last summer.

B.The American government tried to stop development.

C.Humanity built many dams in the past century.

D.Dozens of animals and plants will no longer exist in more than 100 years.

39.The phrase " sustainable development" in the last paragraph probably means that economic development will (　　).

A.continue for a long time

B.be more profitable than before

C. support our growing population

D.make full use of natural resources

40.The main purpose of the author is to make us (　　).

A.see what damage humanity did to nature

B.fight with nature and control it

C.have more celebrations of Earth Day

D.aware of the importance of environment protection

Part m Cloze ( 10 points)

Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage,For each blank there are 4 choices markedA,B, C and D. You should choose the ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet One with a single line through the center.

Nowadays, air travel is very 41 .We are not surprised when we watch on TV that a politician has talked with French President in Paris and attended a meeting in Beijing on the same day.

However, if a person takes long-distance flying frequently, he can be so tired that he maybe feel his brain is in one country, his 42 in another.In a word, he 43 knows where he is.

When we fly from east to west or vice versa, the 44 we experience after taking along-distance flying is aggravated, because we cross time zones. According to doctors, air travelers, after crossing several time zones, are in no 45 to go to work, and they should go straight to bed 46 arrival.

As to airline pilots who often live by their own watches and ignore local time, there is no need for them to worry about their health although they sometimes have breakfast at midnight, because they are used to 47 and are physically fit.

Many businessmen like long-distance flights, thinking they are 48 to have been chosen and they are out for promotion.They are lucky.if the company follows the doctor's advice and allow them to rest for a day or two before working.However, sometimes the manager is so energetic that he believes everyone is 49 to be as fit as he is.Since he has never felt uncomfortable after flying himself, the work he assigns is so 50 that the employee is too exhausted to carry the work out satisfactorily.That is disastrous for the employee's health and the company's reputation.

41.A.ordinary

B.common

C.plain

D.usual

42. A. digestion

B. concentration

C. friends

D.life

43. A. almost

B. nearly

C. hardly

D. practically

44. A.weary

B. fatigue

C. tired

D. strain

45. A. status

B. state

C. situation

D. condition

46.A.in

B.when

C.after

D.on

47. A. fly

B. flying

C.live

D.lives

48. A. favored

B. flattened

C. flayed

D. flattered

49.A.likely

B.supposed

C.going

D.expected

50. A. demeaning

B. demanding

C. demonstrative

D. deplorable

答案详解：Part II

Passage One

21.C【解析】本题问的是作者对“mixed.ability teaching”的态度是什么。从文中第一段第一句和第二句便可快速得出明确的答案。“We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching.On the contrary，both their knowledge and experience are enriched.”这两句话指出聪明孩子的发展并没有因为“mixed-ability teaching”而被阻碍，相反，聪明孩子的知识和经验都丰富起来了。文章第三句话说明按能力分班会有很多的不利影响，从反面论证了作者对于“mixed.ability teaching”的态度是支持的。因此，答案选C。

22.D【解析】hold back意为“隐瞒，控制，阻碍，犹豫不决”，同样根据文章第一句话和第二句话可以看出此处hold back意为“阻止”，prevent from正合此意。“mixed-ability teaching”对于聪明孩子并未阻止也就是说“mixed-ability teachin9”并未阻止聪明孩子的发展，所以答案为D。

23.B【解析】题目问：作者坚决主张一位教师主要应该关心学生哪方面的发展。由COIICeITl和development可以定位到文章第二段第三句“We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full，not just their academicability.”我们要关注学生所有方面能力的发展，并不仅仅是学术上的能力。由第二段第二句“This is only one aspect of their total personality.”可以得到学生所有方面的能力即“total personality”，因此答案为B。

24.D【解析】根据第三段第二句“The pupils often work in groups：this gives them the opportunity to learn to cooperate，to share，and to develop leadership skills.”可知，经常以小组学习的学生们可以有机会学会合作、分享，以及培养领导能力。由此，可以分别对应到选项A、C。根据第三段第三句“They also learn how to cope with personalproblems as weII as learning how to think.…”可知，学生们以小组学习可以学到如何处理个人问题，而且还可以学会如何思考等，可与选项B“reasoning abilities”(推理能力)相对应。因此，通过排除可以得到本题答案为D。

25.D【解析】本题的问题是：作者写这篇文章的目的是什么。文章第一段以“mixed.ability teaching”这一有利于学生发展的教学方法引出提升学生能力的话题：接着第二段提到学生能力的提升不仅仅是智力方面的提高，而是要全方面能力的提升;第三段便举出课堂上提升能力的一种教学方法——gmup work;最后一段作者提出学生学习还可以通过work in pairs.work on individaal tasks and assignments等其他方法来学习。通过文章脉络整理得到本题答案为D。

Passage Two

26.B【解析】根据文章第五段第一句“How cruel it was to kill something of such beauty.”可知，作者觉得杀死如此漂亮的蝴蝶的做法非常残忍，由此可以看出作者对美丽的蝴蝶非常同情，因此答案为B。

27.A【解析】根据文章第二段“I would get up every morning at the orphanage，make my bed just like the little soldier that I had become and then l would get into one of the two straight lines and march to breakfast with the other twenty or thirty boys who also lived in my dormitory.”可知，作者每天像个小军人一样早上起床叠被、排队吃饭然后再和其他一起住的二三十个孩子们一起回到宿舍。这样像军人的生活应该是full of strict rules。因此答案为A。

28.C【解析】由文章第五段第一句“How cruel it was to kill something of such beauty.”中“cruel”显示出作者对于这种杀死蝴蝶的做法非常的厌恶。因此答案为C。

29.D【解析】由第二段“…with the other twenty or thirty boys who also lived in my dormitory.”可以排除A;由第三段“…saw the house parent changing the beautiful monarch butterflies who lived by the hundreds in the bushes scattered around the orphanage.”可以排除B。由第六段第一句“When the telephone rang the house parent laid the large cardboard paper down on the back cement step and went inside to answer the phone.”可以排除C。最后一段“I picked up the tom wing and the butterfly and I spat on its wing and tried to get it to stick back on so it could fly away and be free before the house parent came back.But it would not stav on him."指出作者想在管理员回来前用唾液把蝴蝶的翅膀粘上去，但是没有成功，验证了答案D正确。

30.D【解析】由文章第一段第一句“There was a time in my life when beauty meant something special to me.”可以排除A;由第二段“I would get up every morning at the orphanage，make my bed just like the little soldier that I had become…”可以排除B;由第四段“I carefullv watched as he caught these beautiful creatures，one after another，and then took them from the net and then stuck straight pins through their head and wings，pinning them onto a heavy cardboard sheet.”可知管理员把蝴蝶抓住从网里拿出来后直接钉在了纸板上。并不是为了给孩子们看，可以排除C。文章第五段第一句“How cruel it was to kill something of such beauty.”说明答案D正确。

Passage Three

31.C【解析】推理判断题。文中第二段指出，女人善于说一些“white lie”，并举例证明：当一个女人在晚会上向另一个女人说她喜欢她的晚礼服时，其实她认为它很难看。由此可知，“white lie”应是“为了不冒犯他人而说出的话”，故选C。

32.A【解析】推理判断题。文中第二段说“Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies…”，且前面说女人更善于说一些善意的谎言，因此可知A项正确。B、C、D选项都与文意不符。

33.C【解析】推理判断题。研究表明，人在撒谎时会不自觉地表现出一些小动作，比如：用手指遮住嘴巴，触摸上嘴唇或把手放在嘴巴的一边。只有C项符合文意，故选C。

34.B【解析】事实细节题。第三段最后一句话“The tip of the nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressure makes it itch.”可知B项正确。

35.D【解析】事实细节题。文章最后一句话“It is not one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things。and in particular the context in which the lie is told.”告诉了我们答案，当时说话的环境才是揭示某人是否在说谎的最重要因素。故选D。

Passage Four

36.D【解析】事实细节题。由文章第一段可以找到A、B、C三项都是人们控制大自然所造成的后果，自然资源消耗殆尽、全球变暖、动植物数量和种类减少等。故选D。

37.D【解析】推理判断题。由文章第二段“Other sad signs from an overburdened planet include falling…for scarce water supplies.”可知，是由于地球不堪重负才导致水资源不足，而地球不堪重负肯定是人口过多导致的。故选D。

38.C【解析】推理判断题。本题可采用排除法得到答案。文章第二段第四句话中“Fires raced across the dried American West…”的American West是“美国西部”的意思，A选项属于偷换概念，应排除;第三段第三句“Governments from Washington…development.”意为“要采取措施保护大型野生区域远离发展的影响”，但并不是停止发展，应排除;D项时态错误，文章第一段最后一句用的是过去时态，说明已经濒临灭绝而不是将要。故选C。

39.A【解析】词语理解题。由第三段描述的内容：政府采取措施保护野生区域，采用新型的可再生能源等，可知这种发展是一种可持续的、长期的发展。故选A。

40.D【解析】主旨大意题。文章意在通过对大自然的报复行为给人类带来的灾难的描述，警示人们要爱护地球，认识到环境保护的重要性。故选D。