英语四级语法：连词与近似词辨异

连词

一般来说，连词在英语中运用较多。它分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组或分句，从属连词只用来引导从句。解题时应注意其区别。

【例】Five minutes earlier， we could have caught the last train.

A)and B)or C)but D)so

【分析】本句是隐含虚拟语气，理解为“If we had been five minutes earlier，we could…”。And连接词只表示条件，即前面部分是一种条件，后面部分是结果。此题应选A项。

近似词辨异

近似词包括拼写、语音相似的近形词、近义词、拼音词、同根词和同缀词等。对于这种类型的考题出现的频率也是比较高的，大家在平时记这类词时最好采用对比记忆法，如果是前缀或后缀词大部分是符合规律的，此前已叙。

【例1】Don’t this news to the public until we give you the go-ahead.

A)release B)relieve C)relate D)retain

【分析】答案为A项。这四个词为近形词。

【例2】The English language contains a(an) of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversation.

A)altitude B)latitude C)multitude D)attitude

【分析】本题所给选项均以-titude结尾，很容易混淆，根据字首multi-(多、大量的)，便可选答案C项，a multitude of words即为“大量的词汇”。

【例3】American women were the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.

A)ignored B)neglected C)refused D)denied

【分析】答案为D项。这四个词为近义词。

【例4】The rain was heavy and the land was flooded.

A)consequently B)continuously

C)constantly D)consistently

【分析】答案为A项。这类词为拼写相似，读音相似，外形相似的一组词，常称谐音词。

【例5】There were no tickets for Friday’s performance.

A)preferable B)considerable

C)possible D)available

【分析】同缀词，即指用派生法构成的一组词，其前缀或后缀相同，此类词均有后缀-able(ible)，答案为D项。

【例6】Visibility was poor owing to the thick fog，and our plane had to make a landing.

A)forced B)forcing C)forceful D)forcible

【分析】同根词，即所给选项的词根均为force，几个不同的后缀-ed、-ing、-ful、-ible分别有“被动”、“主动”、“充满”、“能够”之意，根据题意选答案A，即为“迫降着陆”之意。