​英语国家概况自考2018年04月真题

英语国家概况自考2018年04月真题及答案解析

该试卷为自考英语国家概况历年真题试卷，包含答案及详细解析。

一、单项选择题

Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 1 points for each) Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statements or questions, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statements or answers the question. Blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.

1.“Chunnel” is a channel _______ that joins England to France.

A.highway
B.bridge
C.tunnel
D.cable

2.When George VI died in 1952, _______ was crowned.

A.Prince Charles
B.Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ
C.Mary Tudor
D.Lord Darnley

3.On July 7, 2005, London was struck by _______. Britain’s worst attack since World WarⅡ.

A.a fire
B.a tornado
C.an earthquake
D.a terrorist bombing

4.Margaret Thatcher was removed by her own party in 1990 partly because of her ________.

A.opposition to European Union
B.imposition of property taxes
C.weakening of trade unions
D.failure to control inflation

5.In the UK, historic ________ remain important cultural units and serve as a focus for local identity, though they have little administrative power.

A.cities
B.towns
C.shires
D.counties

6.British culture industry accounts for _______ of the world’s cultural exports.

A.one-sixth
B.one-fourth
C.one-third
D.one-half

7.The causes of the Hundred Years’ War were territorial and _________.

A.racial
B.political
C.economic
D.religious

8.The real legislative body in the UK is ________.

A.the Cabinet
B.the Sovereign
C.the House of Lords
D.the house of Commons

9.In the UK, primary educations is free and compulsory from age________.

A.4 to 10
B.5 to 11
C.7 to 12
D.8 to 13

10.In the US________introduced the assembly-line method of making cars.

A.Henry Ford
B.Wilbur Wright
C.Andrew Carnegie
D.John D. Rockefeller

11._______, accepted by all the states in America by March 1781, was intended for a more permanent and legitimate union of the states.

A.The Treaty of Paris
B.The American Constitution
C.The Articles of Confederation
D.The Declaration of Independence

12.Among many of the important rivers in the United States, ________has been called “father of waters.”

A.the Missouri
B.the Mississippi
C.the Ohio River
D.the Colorado River

13.The moviemaker of Reservoir Dogs is _______.

A.Quentin Tarantino
B.Steven Soderbergh
C.Kevin Smith
D.Spike Lee

14.The first representative assembly in America, which was organized by the people of Virginia in 1619, was_______.

A.the senate
B.the congress
C.the house of Burgesses
D.the house of Representatives

15.The first railroad to cross the entire country of the US was completed in Utah in ________.

A.1865
B.1869
C.1870
D.1893

16.The final defeat of the Native Americans came in the battle of Wounded Knee in _______in 1890.

A.Kansas
B.South Dakota
C.California
D.New Hampshire

17.President _________visited China in 1972, which led to the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the US.

A.Nixon
B.Carter
C.Reagan
D.Kennedy

18.The largest state in the US is ________.

A.Texas
B.Alaska
C.Nevada
D.Carolina

19.Why was the new continent named America after Amerigo Vespucci?

A.Because he gave his own name to the new.
B.Because he was the first European to reach the new continent.
C.Because he proved the land was not India, but a new continent.
D.Because he was the first European to discover the new continent.

20.Who is considered the father of Canadian literature?

A.Alice Munro.
B.Frances Brooke.
C.Ernest Thompson Seton.
D.Charles G.D.Roberts.

21.Plant life in Canada varies with land type and climate, and by far the most form is ________.

A.long grass
B.scattered trees
C.boreal forest
D.muskeg swamp

22._______is the principal religion in Canada.

A.Buddhism
B.Christianity
C.Islam
D.Hinduism

23.Although Australia is not a large continent, it is the world’s ______largest country.

A.third
B.fourth
C.fifth
D.sixth

24.________is Australia’s primary crop, for both domestic consumption and exports.

A.Cotton
B.Wheat
C.Sugar
D.Fruit

25.In Australia the Constitution can be changed only by ________.

A.referendum
B.the parliament
C.the British monarch
D.the Supreme Court

26.New Zealand lies in ________ latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere.

A.cold
B.tropical
C.subtropical
D.temperate

27.In New Zealand there is wide-spread participation in ________.

A.soccer
B.basketball
C.rugby football
D.high jump

28.Appointed by the British monarch, the Governor-General in New Zealand holds a _______term.

A.three-year
B.four-year
C.five-year
D.six-year

29.Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland and _______.

A.Northern Ireland
B.Scotland
C.England
D.Wales

30.In ________, the Irish Free State left the British Commonwealth and became the Republic of Ireland.

A.1918
B.1920
C.1921
D.1948

二、填充题

BLANK FILLINGS Choose 10 answers from the box and write the correct letter in the blanks 1-10 on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points, 2 points each)

11.A.the Great LakesB.the Canberra PactC.carvingsD.BirminghamE.appeasementF.BroadwayG.CelticH.paintingsI.the Glorious RevolutionJ.St. AugustineK.containmentL.Melbourne1.In the UK, _______dominates the extensive built-up area of the West Midlands metropolitan area.

12.2.In 597, ________became the first Archbishop of Canterbury.

13.3.The two party names Whigs and Tories originated with_______.

14.4.As the epicenter of American commercial theater, ________is one of the largest theater communities in the world.

15.5.The ________policy towards the Soviet Union was openly declared by President Truman on March 12, 1949.

16.6.The Atlantic and Pacific oceans, the Gulf of Mexico, and ________influence the climate of the United States.

17.7.The totem-pole________of the Northwest Coast Indians are now recognized as important works of Canadian visual art.

18.8.________, the state capital of Victoria, is Australia’s second largest city in terms of population.

19.9.In 1944 New Zealand and Australia signed ________, claiming a voice in the postwar affairs of the Pacific.

110.10.The ________religion and a major influence on Ireland long before the adoption of Christianity in the 5th century.

三、解释术语

Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answers on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (10 points, 5 points each)

21.Manifest Destiny

22.the Treaty of Waitangi

四、回答问题

Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points, 3 points for each)

31.In what literary areas did the English Renaissance find its expression?

32.What are the three functions of the Community Health Service in the UK?

33.What are the aim of the Marshall Plan?

34.Why are many American Hispanics in low-paying jobs?

35.What did the Progressive Movement in the US demand?

36.Why do most people in Australia live along the coasts?

37.When and why was the ANZUS Treaty signed?

38.What natural conditions allows for the year-round outdoor activities in New Zealand?

39.When was Ireland’s entry into the European Community and what was the effect?

310.Who are the two Irish poets that won the Nobel Prize few Literature?

五、论文问题

ESSAY QUESTION Write 100-120 words on the following topic on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

41.What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?