吉林省学位外语考试资料（阅读理解 ）

阅读理解

Part II

Reading Comprehension(40 points)阅读理解一

Passage One

A report published recently brings bad news about air pollution. It suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation from the 1986 Ukraine nuclear power disaster the report was published by the UK Royal commission on environmental Pollution but what can city people do to reduce exposure to air pollution? Quite a lot, it turns out.

Avoid walking in busy streets. Choose side streets and parks instead. Pollution levels can fall a considerable amount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution source exhaust fumes(烟气). Also don t walk behind smokers. Walk on the windward side of the street where exposure to pollutants can be 50 percent less than on the downwind side.

Sitting on the drivers side of a bus can increase your exposure by 10 percent, compared exposure. It is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus air pollution on underground trains tends to be less toxic than that at street level, because underground pollution is mostly made up of tiny iron particles thrown up by wheels hitting the rails but diesel and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants.

When you are crossing a road, stand well back from the curb while you wait for the light to change. Every meter really does count when you are close to traffic. As the traffic begins to move fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds so holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference, even though it might sound silly.

There are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours. Pollution levels fall during nighttime. The time of year also makes a big difference. Pollution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest. Extreme cold or hot weather has a trapping effect and tends to cause a build-up of pollutants.

最近发布的一项报告给我们带来了关于空气污染的坏消息。报告表明，空气污染可能会像暴露在19阳年乌克兰核电灾难的辐射中一样损害我们的健康。该报告是由英国皇家环境污染委员会发布。城市居民怎样做才可以减少暴露于空气污染呢？相当多，结果如下。  避免走在繁忙的街道上。选择走人行道和公园。只需通过离开主要污染源—废气烟气）几米远，污染程度都会大大降低。也不要在吸烟者后面走。在迎风侧的街道上走，这样污染物可以比下风侧的街道上少和％。

坐在公共汽车里驾驶员一侧与坐在靠人行道一侧相比你曝露在污染物中会增加0％坐在双层公共汽车的上层可以减少暴露在污染物中。很难说乘地铁比乘公共汽车更好或更差。地铁甲的空气污染比在街头往往毒性较低，因为地下污染主要是由被击中轨道的微小的铁颗粒组成。但是，还有一些柴油和汽油混合污染物。当你过马路时，要站在离路边远的地方等信号灯。你接近交通每近一米就有很大的不同。当车辆开始移动时，气体会在几秒钟内减少。所以屏住呼吸一小会儿，受到的污染就会不同，即使这听起来有点儿傻。

在交通高峰时间空气污染有较大的突发性的增加。在夜间污染水平会下降。一年里不同的  时间也会有很大的不同。污染水平往往是在春秋时有风的期间最低。极度的寒冷或炎热的天气  会有一种陷阱效应．这时污染物易于积聚。

1.What is the passage mainly about?答:How to breathe fresh air in big cities.

2.According to the report, air pollution in big cities can be more serious than we used to think

3.When you walk in a busy street, you should walk on the side where the wind is coming

4.If you take a bus in a big city in China, you should sit on the right side in the bus

5.It is implied in the passage that the air pollution on an underground train is less poisonous.