Passage 3
How is communication actually achieved? It depends, of course, either on a common language or on known conventions, or at least on the beginnings of these. But often, especially with original artists and thinkers, the problem is in one way that of creating a language, or creating a convention, or at least of developing the language and conventions to the point where they are capable of bearing his precise meaning. In literature, in music, in the visual arts, in the sciences, in social thinking, in philosophy, this kind of development has occurred again and again. It often takes a long time to get through, and for many people it will remain difficult. But we need never think that it is impossible; creative energy is much more powerful than we sometimes suppose. While a man is engaged in this struggle to say new things in new ways, he is usually more than ever concentrated on the actual work, and not on its possible audience. Many artists and scientists share this fundamental unconcern about the ways in which their work will be received.
In this sense it is true that it is the duty of society to create conditions in which such men can live. For whatever the value of any individual contribution, the general body of work is of immense value to everyone. But of course things are not so formal, in reality. There is not society on the one hand and these individuals on the other. In ordinary living, and in his work, the contributor shares in the life of his society, which often affects him both in minor ways and in ways sometimes so deep that he is not even aware of them. His ability to make his work public depends on the actual communication system: the language itself, or certain visual or musical or scientific conventions, and the institutions through which the communication will be passed. The effect of these on his actual work can be almost infinitely variable. For it is not only a communication system outside him: it is also, however original he may be, a communication system which is in fact part of himself. Many contributors make active use of this kind of internal communication system. It is to themselves, in a way, that they first show their conceptions, play their music, present their arguments. If one mind has grasped it, then it may be open to other minds.
The historian is also continually struck by the fact that men of this kind felt isolated at the very time when in reality they were beginning to get through. This can also be noticed in our own time, when some of the most deeply influential men feel isolated and even rejected. The society and the communication are there, but it is difficult to recognize them, difficult to be sure.
61.Creative artists and thinkers achieve communication by ________.
62.It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ________.
63.A common characteristic of artists and scientists involved in creative work is that ________.
64.According to the text, which of the following statements is NOT true?
65.It is implied at the end of the text that highly original individuals feel isolated because they ________.
A.depending on shared conventions
B.fashioning their own conventions
C.adjusting their personal feelings
D.elaborating a common language
A.philosophical thinking contributes to the formulation of conventions
B.human creativity is sometimes underestimated
C.development in literature follows similar ways to that of sciences
D.the role of conventions in communication is not well recognized
A.they care about the possible reaction to their work
B.public response is one of the primary conceits
C.they are keenly aware of public interest in their work
D.they are indifferent toward response to their work
A.Individual contributions combined possess great significance to the public.
B.Good contributors don’t neglect the use of internal communication system.
C.Everyone except those original people comes under the influence of society.
D.Knowing how to communicate is universal among human beings.
A.fail to acknowledge and use an acceptable form of communication
B.actually differ from other individuals in the same period
C.have little in common with the society of the time
D.refuse to admit parallels between themselves and the society
