英语学习始于单词,考研英语大纲当中也要求考生至少要熟练掌握5500左右的单词数量。希赛网整理了考研英语常用词汇(一百七十六),供各位研考生查看参考。更多考研英语词汇内容,点击考研英语常用词汇汇总进行查看。
1. reed [riːd] n.( reeds)
n. 芦苇;簧舌,簧片(双簧管或单簧管等吹奏乐器中使用的一种金属或塑料的小薄片)
常用搭配:reed switch 舌簧开关,簧片开关
reed pipe 簧管;牧笛
拓展:
同:adj. phragmites, phragmites communis
派:reedy 芦苇丛生的;芦苇做的,芦苇状的;似笛声的
例句:Not far away was a field of reeds.
不远处就是一大片芦苇。
Reeds can be used not only in musical instruments, but also in electrical appliances.
簧片不仅可以用于乐器中,也可以用于电器中。
2. reel [riːl] v.(reels, reeling, reeled, reeled)/n(reels)
n. 卷轴,卷筒,卷盘,一卷胶卷(或金属丝、线等)
vi. 踉跄,步履蹒跚,摇晃地挪动;感到震惊,感觉心烦意乱;仿佛天旋地转
常用搭配:reel (at/from/with sth.) 感到震惊,感觉心烦意乱
reel sth.↔in/out 往卷轴上绕起;从卷轴上放开
reel sth.↔off 一口气说出;滔滔不绝地讲(或重复)
off the reel 不停地,立即;滔滔不绝地
拓展:
同:v. roll, swim, turn n. revolution , rotation , rolling , turning
派:reeler n.摇纱工;卷取机
例句:I need to change a new reel of film for my camera.
我得给我的相机换一卷新的胶卷。
She can reel off several different kinds of flowers.
她能一口气说出好几种不同种类的花。
3. refer [rɪˈfɜː(r)] v.(refers, referring, referred, referred)
构词:re(再,又) + fer(拿,取)→ 再一次的拿取→ 涉及,提及,谈到
v. 涉及,与……相关;提及,谈到;参考,查阅
常用搭配:refer to sb./sth. (as sth.) 提及,谈到,说起
refer to sb./sth. 涉及,与……相关;参考,查阅
refer to as 把……称作……
refer sb./sth. to sb./sth. 将……送交给(以求获得帮助等)
拓展:
同:v. deal with, consult, relate to
派:reference v.引用
referenced v.引用;附……以供参考
reference n.参考,参照;涉及,提及;参考书目;介绍信;证明书
referenced adj.引用的,参考的
referential adj.指示的;用作参考的
referable adj.可归因于……;可参考的;可交付的;可涉及的
例句:You can refer to the dictionary if necessary.
如果有必要的话,你可以查阅字典。
My doctor referred me to the superior hospital.
我的医生让我去上级医院诊治。
4. refine [rɪˈfaɪn] v.(refines, refining, refined, refined)
v. 提纯,去除杂质,精炼;改善,改进
常用搭配:refine on 精于,改进
refine improvements 完善改进
拓展:
同:v. improve, polish up
派:refining v.精炼
refinement n.精制;文雅;[化工][油气][冶] 提纯
refinery n.精炼厂;提炼厂;冶炼厂
refining n.精炼;改善
refiner n.精炼机;精制者,精炼者
refined adj.[油气][化工][冶] 精炼的;精确的;微妙的;有教养的
辨:refine和improve
refine意为“改善,改进”,侧重指使语言、仪态变得文雅,优美,也可指提高技艺等。例:This gentleman’s speech and manner are refined.(这位绅士谈吐优雅,彬彬有礼。)
improve意为“改善,提高,增进”,多指性质、状态上的重要改进,也可指提高自身能力或价值。例:You need to improve your spoken English.(你需要提高你的英语口语。)
例句:This technique is constantly being refined and becoming more acceptable all the time.
这种技术不断得到完善并且越来越受到欢迎。
This gentleman’s speech and manner are refined.
这位绅士谈吐优雅,彬彬有礼。
5. reflection [rɪˈflekʃn] n.(reflections)
构词:re(回,向后)+ flect(弯曲,弯折)+ion(名词后缀)→ 向后弯曲,折回,返回 → 反映,反射
n. 反映,显示;(声、光、热等的)反射;映照出的影像;审慎的思考,考虑
常用搭配:on mature reflection/consideration 经过深思熟虑,经过审慎考虑
拓展:
同:n. image, projection; meditation, contemplation
派:reflect v.反射,映现;深思
reflected v.反射;思考
reflecting v.反射;表明;考虑
reflectorize v.加工使其能反射光线
reflector n.[光] 反射物,[光] 反射镜
reflectance n.[物] 反射比
reflectivity n.[物] 反射率;[光] 反射性;反射比
reflectiveness n.反省;沉思
reflectometer n.[光] 反射计
reflectively adv.反映地;反照地
reflective adj.反射的;反映的;沉思的
reflected adj.反射的;得自他人的
reflecting adj.反射的;沉思的
例句:You need to give him some time for reflection.
你得给他点时间好好考虑。
A person’s clothes are often a reflection of his or her personality.
一个人的穿着常常反映出他(她)的个性。
6. reflexion [rɪˈflekʃn] n.(reflexions)
构词:re(回,向后)+ flex(=flect 弯曲,弯折)+ion(名词后缀)→ 向后弯曲,折回,返回 → 反映,反射
n. 反映;反射;思考,反思
拓展:
同:n. reverberation, repercussiveness
派:reflexed v.把……折转,把……折回
reflex n.反射;反映;映像;回复;习惯性思维
reflexive n.反身代词;反身动词
reflexivity n.[数] 自反性;反射度
reflexly adv.反射地;反省地
reflex adj.反射的;反省的;反作用的
reflexive adj.反身的;[物] 反射的
reflexed adj.[植] 反折的;下弯的
例句:This incident triggered reflexion on current education.
这次事件引发了对当前教育的反思。
The reflexion of central nervous system is one of the pathogenesis of tremor.
中枢神经系统的反射是震颤的发生机制之一。
7. refrain [rɪˈfreɪn] v.(refrains, refraining, refrained, refrained)/n.(refrains)
v. 克制,节制,避免
n. 经常重复的评论(或抱怨)
固定搭配:refrain (from sth./from doing sth.) 克制,节制,避免
拓展:
同:v. deny oneself, forbear from n. repeat
辨:refrain和inhibit
refrain意为“克制,节制”,指忍住不做某事,常后接介词 from。例:He has refrained from smoking in public.(他克制住了自己,没有在公开场合抽烟)
inhibit意为“阻止,抑制”,指妨碍某事物发展。例:Too much time on the Internet may inhibit children’s learning.(上太多网可能会妨碍儿童的学习)
例句:He has refrained from smoking in public.
他克制住了自己,没有在公开场合抽烟。
Complaints about poor food in school canteen have become a familiar refrain.
抱怨学校食堂饭菜差已是耳熟能详的老调了。
8. refresh [rɪˈfreʃ] v.(refreshes, refreshing, refreshed, refreshed)
v. 使凉爽,使恢复精力;重新斟满;提醒,使想起;刷新,更新
拓展:
同:v. renovate, revive
派:refreshing adj.提神的;使清爽的;使人重新振作的
refresher adj.专业性复习进修的
refreshingly adv.清爽地;有精神地
refreshment n.点心;起提神作用的东西;精力恢复
refresher n.可提神的人或物;补习课程;清凉饮料;增加报酬
例句:After work, he refreshed himself with a cool shower.
下班后,他冲了个凉水澡凉快凉快。
He had to refresh his memory by looking at his memo.
他不得不靠看备忘录来提醒自己。
9. refuge [ˈrefjuːdʒ] n.(refuges)
构词:re(回)+fug(逃)→逃回至安全场所→避难,庇护
n. 避难,庇护;避难所,保护者,慰藉
固定搭配:refuge (from sb./sth.) 避难,庇护;避难所,保护者,慰藉
拓展:
同:n. haven, shadow, home, harbor, umbrella
辨:refuge,cover和asylum
refuge意为“避难处,庇护所”,指躲避危险、自然灾害等的地方。例:The refugees were forced to seek refuge from the fighting.(难民们被迫寻求庇护,以躲避战争)
cover意为“躲避处,掩蔽处”,指用来躲避袭击、恶劣天气等的场所。例:Everyone ran for cover when it started to rain heavily.(下大雨时,大家都跑着找地方避雨)
asylum意为“(政治)避难”,指他国政府提供的政治庇护。例:The number of refugees seeking political asylum has increased recently.(寻求政治庇护的难民人数最近有所增长)
例句:The refugees were forced to seek refuge from the fighting.
难民们被迫寻求庇护,以躲避战争。
Tao regarded the room as a refuge from the outside world.
陶把这个屋子当作是逃避外界的避难所。
10. refugee [ˌrefjuˈdʒiː] n.(refugees)
构词:re(回)+fug(逃)+ee(人)→逃回至安全场所的人→避难者
n. 避难者;难民,逃荒者
拓展:
同:n. asylee, displaced persons
例句:Sudanese children refugees were granted asylum.
苏丹儿童难民得到了政治庇护。
The disease in the refugee camps resulted from overcrowding and poor sanitary conditions.
难民营中出现疾病是由过度拥挤和恶劣的卫生状况导致的。