管理类联考考研英语二外刊选读（3）

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Working Too Hard Could Be Harmful to You

题材：工作类

出处：Inc. (美国商业报刊)

字数：515 words

[1] A lot of media attention over the years has focused on the harmful effects of working long hours. The tragic fate of a woman in Japan who died last year of overwork--a phenomenon known as “karoshi”, in Japanese--is just another high-profile example that has circulated in the news.

【多年来，许多媒体关注的焦点都集中在长时间工作的有害影响上。去年，日本一名女性因过度劳累而死亡，这一现象在日语中被称为“过劳死”——这只是新闻中流传的另一个引人注目的例子。】

【重点词汇】

high-profile /ˌhaɪ ˈprəʊfaɪl/ adj. 引人注目的;经常出镜(或见报)的

circulate /ˈsɜːkjəleɪt/ v. 传播;流传;(液体或气体)环流，循环

[2] This is not unique to Japan: Logging excessive hours at work is ingrained in the work culture of the West, as well. From Bay Area startups to sprawling multinationals, the ethos at many companies is still centered around how many hours you can clock at work. There is a powerful assumption underlying this ethos too: That the more hours you put into your job, the more you’ll get out of it by way of recognition, compensation, and opportunities for advancement within the organization.

【这并不是日本独有的现象：长时间工作在西方的工作文化中也根深蒂固。从旧金山湾区的初创公司到庞大的跨国公司，许多公司的理念仍然围绕着你可以工作多少个小时。这种理念背后也有一个强有力的假设：你在工作中投入的时间越多，你就会从工作中获得更多的认可、薪酬以及在组织内晋升的机会。】

【重点词汇】

log /lɒɡ/ v. 记录;行驶，行进(若干距离或时间)

ingrained /ɪnˈɡreɪnd/ adj. (习惯、态度等)根深蒂固的

startup /ˈstɑːtʌp/ n. 新创办的小公司

sprawling /ˈsprɔːlɪŋ/ adj. 蔓延的

multinational /ˌmʌltiˈnæʃnəl/ n. 跨国公司;adj. 跨国的

ethos /ˈiːθɒs/ n. (某一团体或某类活动的) 理念

assumption /əˈsʌmpʃn/ n. 假定，假设

recognition /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn/ n. 承认;认可;识别

compensation /ˌkɒmpenˈseɪʃn/ n. 补偿物;赔偿

[3] A new study by a pair of business school professors in Europe challenge this assumption, however. From their analysis of nearly 52,000 people from 36 European countries, they concluded that it’s not just the number of hours you clock at the office, but how intensely you work during those hours, that affects your satisfaction at work and opportunities for advancement.

【然而，欧洲两位商学院教授的一项新研究质疑了这一假设。他们对来自36个欧洲国家的近5.2万人进行了分析，得出的结论是，影响你工作满意度和晋升机会的不仅仅是你在办公室工作的时间，还有你在这些时间里工作的强度。】

【重点词汇】

challenge /ˈtʃæləndʒ/ v. 对……怀疑;拒绝接受;向(某人)挑战 n. 挑战;艰巨任务

intensely /ɪnˈtensli/ adv. 强烈地

【长难句分析】

From their analysis of nearly 52,000 people from 36 European countries, they concluded that it’s not just the number of hours you clock at the office, but how intensely you work during those hours, that affects your satisfaction at work and opportunities for advancement.

主句：they concluded that…

宾语从句：it’s not…but…that affects your satisfaction at work and satisfaction at work and opportunities for advancement. (it is+被强调部分+that+其他成分)

定语从句：you clock at the office(修饰前面的the number of hours)

表语从句：how intensely you work during those hours (承前省略了it’s)

[4] By comparing people in similar jobs and education levels, researchers found they were more likely to “suffer poorer wellbeing and inferior career prospects, including satisfaction, security and promotion, when they worked at an intense level for long periods.”

【通过对工作和教育水平相近的人进行比较，研究人员发现，当他们长期高强度工作时，他们更有可能感受到更差的幸福感和更差的职业前景，包括满足感、安全感和晋升。】

【重点词汇】

wellbeing /ˌwɛlˈbiːɪŋ/ n. 幸福

inferior /ɪnˈfɪəriə(r)/ adj. 较差的;次的

security /sɪˈkjʊərəti/ n. 安全感;保安措施

promotion /prəˈməʊʃn/ n. 提拔;晋升

[5] Hans Frankort, a senior lecturer in strategy at Cass Business School and co-author of the report, told The Financial Times the research suggests the “career benefits of excessive work effort--longer hours or harder work than typical in one’s occupation--may never materialize.”

【卡斯商学院(Cass Business School)战略高级讲师、该报告的合著者汉斯·弗兰克特(Hans Frankort)告诉英国《金融时报》，这项研究表明，“过度工作带来的职业利益——比职业中的工作时间更长或更辛苦——可能永远不会实现。”】

【重点词汇】

excessive /ɪkˈsesɪv/ adj. 过分的;过度的

typical /ˈtɪpɪkl/ adj. 典型的，有代表性的

materialize /məˈtɪəriəlaɪz/ v. 实现，发生，成为现实

[6] Employers and government should try to reduce work intensity rather than try to control excessive hours, the authors concluded. “Employers and policymakers focus a lot on the latter, but compared with overtime, work intensity predicts much greater reductions in wellbeing and career-related outcomes,” Frankort told The Financial Times.

【作者总结道，雇主和政府应该尽量减少工作强度，而不是过度延长工作时间。弗兰克特告诉英国《金融时报》：“雇主和决策者非常关注后者，但与加班相比，工作强度预示着幸福感和职业相关成果的下降幅度更大。”】

【重点词汇】

rather than 而不是

outcome /ˈaʊtkʌm/ n. 结果，效果

[7] For employees, there is a range of things they can do to ensure they’re working smarter, and not just harder. Beth Belle Cooper, a former content creator at Buffer, the social media scheduling app, suggests taking more breaks to refresh your mind and reset your attention span. She also recommends taking naps, which she says not only help to consolidate new information in the brain, but also helps you avoid burnout.

【对于员工而言，他们可以做一系列事情来确保更好的工作效果，而不仅仅是更努力。社交媒体调度应用程序Buffer的前内容创作者贝丝·贝勒·库珀建议，多休息一下，清醒一下头脑，重置注意力范围。她还建议小睡，她说，小睡不仅有助于巩固大脑中的新信息，还可以帮助你避免倦怠。】

【重点词汇】

a range of 一系列

refresh /rɪˈfreʃ/ v. 使清爽，使精神振作

reset /ˌriːˈset/ v. 调整，重新设置

consolidate /kənˈsɒlɪdeɪt/ v. 使加强，使巩固

burnout /ˈbɜːnaʊt/ n. 筋疲力尽;过度劳累

[8] You might also consider completely unplugging from work more consistently, and for longer periods of time. This is what Sean McCabe and his small team of content creators does when they take a week-long sabbatical every seventh week.

【你也可以考虑更稳定地、更长时间地完全脱离工作。这就是肖恩·麦凯布和他的内容创作者团队在每七周休一周假时所做的事情。】

【重点词汇】

unplug /ʌnˈplʌɡ/ v. 拔去……的电源插头

sabbatical /səˈbætɪkl/ n. (大学教师等的) 休假

[9] “Taking a seventh week off has just been revolutionary. It has changed everything for me. I cannot imagine my life without it...I have no idea how we used to work as hard as we did for six weeks and not stop, have no end in sight, no breaks, no checkpoints, no milestones, no steps back, and no chance to re-evaluate where we are and what we’re focusing on.”

【“第七周的休假是革命性的。它改变了我的一切。我无法想象没有它的生活……我不知道我们过去是如何工作六周，而且不停下来，看不到尽头，没有休息，没有考核，没有成就，没有复盘，也没有机会重新评估我们现在的位置和我们正在关注的事情。”】

【重点词汇】

revolutionary /ˌrevəˈluːʃənəri/ adj. 革命的

checkpoint /ˈtʃekpɔɪnt/ n.(边防)检查站;边防关卡

milestone /ˈmaɪlstəʊn/ n. 转折点;里程碑

step back 退一步(思考)

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