历年考研英语真题长难句分析

1. The Internet – and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it – is making access to scientific results a reality.

    【译文】提供资金的机构施加压力，质疑为什么商业刊物可以通过限制刊载的手段从政府投资的研究项目中牟利，而互联网使得阅读科研结果成为现实。

    【析句】又是一句运用破折号将完整句子割裂为前后两部分的例句。阅读此类句子时，基本原则就是先忽略双破折号之间的内容，将前后割裂部分重新整合为完整句子。本句中，破折号割裂的句子是The Internet is making access to scientific results a reality.然后再看破折号之间的内容，可以是句子、短语等不同成分，此处是短语+从句，pressure from funding agencies名词短语，who are questioning作定语从句修饰funding agencies，why commercial publishers are making money from...by...则是questioning的宾语从句。如此以来，整句话的结构和逻辑顺序就理清了。

2. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits.

    【译文】澳大利亚维多利亚大学的John Houghton和经合组织的Graham Vickery联合完成这一报告，内容使目前为止收入丰厚的出版商们感到汗颜。

    【析句】英语文章中经常引用各种研究数据、专业人士评论，且通常使用固定的句型report/study by人名 of...(表明身份和职位）says/shows...或者跟随其它动词。如本句，the report by John...of... makes heavy reading for publishers,publishers后是who引导的定语从句增加了句子结构的层次性。

3. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it.

    【译文】其他的模式都是对这三种的不同组合，比如延期开放式是指某一些期刊在发表文章的前六个月只允许付费阅览，此后转为免费阅读。

    【析句】先抓主干other models exist,such as...。其中，主句other models exist后面是that are hybrids of these three,很明显，that从句作定语从句修饰models，为了避免句子头重尾轻，将定语从句后置。再看所举例子，such as delayed open-access,后面跟有定语从句where journs allow...six months,而定语从句中又包含两种句型：before making it...everyone(现在分词作状语）和who wished to see it（定语从句）。