2022年考研英语长难句分析(54)

提到考研英语，各位考生都知道试卷中长难句是避免不了的，而这些长难句分析一直困扰着众多考生。其实，长难句在考研阅读、完型填空和翻译中的出现再难，无论句子有多长、结构有多复杂，它都由一些基本的成分组成的，接下来让我们一起来学习2022年考研英语长难句分析吧!

108、Even before the invention of the electric light bulb, the author produced a remarkable work of speculative fiction that would foreshadow many ethical questions to be raised by technology yet to come.

本句共有32个词，属于考研英语中常见的长难句。

1)长难句分析：

主句：the author produced a remarkable work of speculative fiction

主语：the author

谓语：produced

宾语：a remarkable work of speculative fiction

2)定语从句(先行词work，在从句中作主语)：that would foreshadow many ethical questions to be raised by technology yet to come

从属连词：that(即从句主语，指work)

谓语：would foreshadow

宾语：many ethical questions

定语：to be raised by technology yet to come(修饰questions)

3)before the invention of the electric light bulb属于由before构成的时间状语，翻译的时候顺译即可，但是before里面有个of the electric light bulb小定语，需要放在invention前翻译。

本句为复合句，主句意为：“作者已经创作了一部引人注目的推理小说”;定语从句由that引导，用来修饰先行词questions，表明这些问题的特点。

翻译：甚至在电灯泡发明之前，作者就已经创作了一部引人注目的推理小说，它预示着未来的技术将引发许多伦理问题。

109、For pubulic institutions, state funds are sometimes tied partly to their success on metrics such as graduation rates and student retention—so better grades can, by boosting figures like those, mean more money.

本句共有33词，属于考研英语中常见的长难句。

1)长难句分析：

主句：state funds are sometimes tied partly to their success on metrics such as graduation rates and student retention

主语：state funds

谓语：are sometimes tied partly to

宾语：their success on metrics such as graduation rates and student retention

2)结果状语从句：so better grades can, by boosting figures like those, mean more money

主语：better grades

谓语：can mean

宾语：more money

插入语：by boosting figures like those

本句为复合句，主句意为“基金有时会与它们在毕业率和学生留校率等指标上的成功有一定关系”;结果状语从句由so引导，表明前面的前面这件事情所带来的结果。

参考译文：对公共机构来说，基金有时会与它们在毕业率和学生留校率等指标上的成功有一定关系，因此，通过提数，更好的成绩可能意味着更多的钱。

Rather than pulling students back(V-ing短语作状语)，a gap year(主语) pushes(谓语) them(宾语) ahead(adv作状语) by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes(by介词短语作方式状语) —all things that first-year students(主语) often struggle with(谓语) the most. (that引导定语从句修饰all things，在从句中作struggle with 的宾语，all things 指代破折号前and并列的3个名词词组)

翻译：间隔年不是让学生后退，而是推动他们向前，让他们提前为独立自主，承担新的责任，适应环境改变做好准备——所有的这些事儿都总是需要大一新生努力去克服的。

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