2023年医学统考英语汉译英试题预测（二）

学统考考博在即，今天开始带同学们学习医学统考写作三选一的汉译英，该如何备考？

预测话题：研究表明作息时间 影响青少年大脑发育

中文材料

人们的睡眠模式在青少年时期会发生变化。许多青少年从早起的“百灵鸟”变成了“夜猫子”。他们感觉在晚上更有效率，警觉性更高，但睡得更晚，第二天醒得也更晚。

研究发现，在青春期早期（大约12一13岁）转变为“夜猎子的青少年更有可能在几年后出现行为问题，包括更大的攻击性、违反规则和反社会行为，但他们发生情绪问题的风险并没有增加，比如焦虑或情绪低落。

新研究还表明，早起的“百灵鸟”和晚睡的“夜猫子”的大脑结构和发育速度不同，包括灰质和白质的差异，这与记忆、情绪健康、注意力和同理心的差异有关。“夜猫子”青少年的脑白质没有增加到与早起的青少年相同的程度。事实上，在青少年时期，脑白质的发育对于支持认知、情感和行为的发展非常重要。(306字)

专业词汇

青少年时期 adolescence

焦虑或情绪低落 anxiety or depression

参考译文

Sleep Schedule Affects Brain Development of Teenagers

People's sleep patterns will shift during adolescence.A lot of teenagers have transformed from "larks",-who get up early to work or study,-to "night owls",-who stay up very late at night,-because they feel more productive and aware at night,which makes them go to bed very late and wake up very late the next day.

A study found that those adolescents who has become "night owls"in early adolescence (between the ages of 12 and 13)were more likely to experience behavioral issues later on,such as increased aggression,rule-breaking,and antisocial behavior,but they were not more likely to experience emotional issues like anxiety or depression.

According to recent studies,the brains of"larks"and "night owls"have different structures and speeds of growth,including variations in the amount of gray and white matter,which are associated with variations in memory,emotional well-being,attention and empathy.The amount of white matter in the brain of those teenagers who sleep very late at night hasn't been increased to the same amount as that of those teenagers who get up early in the morning.In reality,in adolescence,the growth of white matter in one's brain is of great significance to the development of cognition,emotion and behaviors.