医学考博英语长难句解析(九)

1.名词性从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;

2.形容词性从句，即我们平常所说的定语从句;

3.状语从句，在句子中通常是时间地点方式的状语。

长难句解析

25. Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country’sexcellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology

the practice of giving premiums to inventors; above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things technological.

【词汇】

shaping factor: 形成因素

single out: 挑选出

elementary: adj. 基本的;初级的;[化]元素的

labor force: 劳动力

premium: n. 额外费用;保险费;附加费

above all: 最重要的是

spatial: adj. 空间的;存在于空间的;占大篇幅的

【句式分析】

① 句子主干：I would single out...。

② 分号间隔了三个并列的宾语：the country’s excellent elementary schools; the practice of

giving premiums to inventors; the American genius。

③ 冒号后面的内容为解释说明：a labor force that welcomed the new technology。

【翻译】

在许多形成因素当中，我将挑选出这些：这个优秀的小学教育：欢迎新技术的劳动者们;奖励发明者的做法;而且最重要的是美国人在对那些技术性事物的非言语的、“空间性的”思考方面的天赋。

26. As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, “A technologist thinks about objects that can not be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process...The designer the inventor.., are able to assemble manipulate in their minds devices that as

yet do not exist”.

【词汇】

point out: 指出

be reduced to: n. 减少;缩小

unambiguous: adj. 不含糊的;清楚的;明白的

deal with: 处理

assemble: v. 集合，收集

manipulate: v. 操作;处理

【句式分析】

① 句子主干：A technologist thinks about objects...The designer the

inventor.., are able to assemble manipulate devices。

② 非限定性定语从句：As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out，从句修饰的内容是双引号里面的内容。

③ 定语从句：that can not be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions 修饰先行

词 objects;that as yet do not exist 修饰先行词 devices。

④ 冒号后面的内容为解释说明： they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal

process。

【翻译】

正如尤金·弗格森所指出的那样：“一个技术希赛网思考那些不能被简化成能被清楚的语言描述的东西。这些东西在他的思维中是通过一种视觉的、非语言表述的过程处理的……设计者和发明者……能够在他们的脑中装配并操作那些还不存在的装置。”

27. Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers,screws, wedges, wheel, etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet,

considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea".

【词汇】

mechanic: n. 技工，机修工

lever: n. 杠杆

screw: n. 螺丝钉;螺旋桨

wedge: n. 楔;楔形物

alphabet：n. 字母表;字母系统

exhibition：n. 表明;陈列，展览

transmit: v. 传递;传输，传送;发射

【句式分析】

① 句子主干：Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down...”。

② 介词短语做定语：like a poet among the letters of the alphabet，补充完整为定语从句是：who islike a poet among the letters of the alphabet。

③ 现在分词作状语：considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts

④ 非限定定语从句：in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea，用来修饰先行词 an exhibition of his thoughts。

【翻译】

罗伯特·法欧特曾经这样写到：“一个技师会坐在杠杆、螺丝钉、楔子、轮子等等当中，就像一个诗人沉浸在字母表的字母中，把这些字母看成自己思想的展示，在这样的展示中，每种新的次序安排都传达了——种新的思想。”