医学考博英语长难句解析(七)

1.名词性从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;

2.形容词性从句，即我们平常所说的定语从句;

3.状语从句，在句子中通常是时间地点方式的状语。

长难句解析

19. The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC——including ordinary listeners viewers to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, even whether they thought it was worth keeping.

【词汇】

launch: vt. 发动;开展(活动、计划等);发射

be worth doing: 值得做

【句式分析】

①句子主干：The debate was launched by the government;

②非限定性定语从句：..., which invited anyone...it was worth keeping. ?

③介词短语作宾补：with an opinion of the BBC 修饰宾语 anyone;

④ 介词短语作定语：including ordinary listeners viewers 修饰 anyone;

⑤ 不定式作目的状语：to say...;

⑥ 并列的宾语从句：what was good..., even whether...it was worth keeping。

【翻译】

这场辩论是由政府发动的，政府请任何一个对英国广播公司有意见的人——包括普通的听众和观众一来说说这个公司好在哪里或坏在哪里，甚至要说说他们是否认为这个公司值得被保留下来。

20. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element prevented the decline in efficiency that so

commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second third generation after the energetic founders.

【词汇】

requirement: n. 要求;必要条件;必需品;资格

engage: vt 聘用;吸引住

efficiency: n. 效率，效能;能力;性能

spoil: vt. 损坏，糟蹋;把(酒，肉等)放坏;溺爱，宠坏(孩子等)

energetic: adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的，精神饱满的

【句式分析】

①句子的主干： The change met the technical requirements...prevented the

decline in efficiency;

②介词短语作方式状语：by engaging a large professional element;

③ 定语从句： that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms...after the

energetic founders 修饰先行词 decline in efficiency。

【翻译】

这种变化通过引入许多的专业因素从而适应了这个新时代的技术要求，并且它(这种变化)防止了效率的降低。这种效率的降低在精力充沛的

创业者之后的第二代和第三代人(领导公司)的时候，经常会毁掉那些家族公司的财富。

21. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital industry greatly increased the numbers importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the lthe duties of the landowners; almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.

【词汇】

manipulation: n. 操作;操纵;控制

shareholder: n. 股东;股票持有者

irresponsible: adj. 不负责任的;不可靠的;缺乏责任心

detach: vt. 分离，拆开;派遣;分派

landowner: n. 土地拥有者;地主

【句式分析】

① 句子的主干：manipulation increased the numbers importance;

②介词短语作后置定语：of capital industry 作后置定语修饰 manipulation; of shareholders as a class 作后置定语修饰 the numbers importance。

③同位语：an element 作为 the shareholders as a class 的同位语;

④ 现在分词作定语：representing irresponsible wealth 作定语修饰 an element;

⑤ 过去分词作定语：并列的过去分词 detached from the land...; and...detached from the responsible...修饰 wealth。

【翻译】

这样巨大而非个人的对资金和产业的操纵极大地增加了股东的数量和他们作为一个阶级的重要性，这是生活中代表不负责任的财富的一个因素，这种财富不但远离了土地和土地拥有者的责任，而且几乎同样与公司的负责任的管理毫无关系。