1.名词性从句,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;
2.形容词性从句,即我们平常所说的定语从句;
3.状语从句,在句子中通常是时间地点方式的状语。
长难句解析
Exceptional children are different in some significant way from othersof the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential,their education must be adapted to those differences.
【词汇】
exceptional: adj. 优越的;杰出的;例外的;独特的
significant: adj. 重要的;有重大意义的;值得注意的
potential: adj. 潜在的,有可能的
be adapted to: 适应于;适合于
【句式结构】
第一句话中主干成分是 Exceptional children are different...from...;其中 in some
significant way 是介词短语做状语;of the same age 是介词短语做 others 的后置定语。第二句话中主干成分是 their
education must be adapted to...,是被动语态;For these children to develop
to...是介词短词做目的状语,表明“为了这些孩子发展......”。
【翻译】
残疾儿童在许多关键方面都与其同龄人不同。为了让这些孩子发展其全部的成人后的潜能,他们的教育必须适应这些不同。
The great interest in exceptional children shown in public educationover the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all
citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully
develop their capabilities.
【词汇】
indicate: vt. 表明,指示;象征,暗示
citizen: n. 公民;市民
deserve: vt. 应受;应得;值得
capability: n. 才能;能力;容量;性能
【句式结构】
①句子主干成分为:The great interest...indicates the strong feeling...;
② 过去分词作后置定语: shown 作定语修饰 The great interest in exceptionalchildren,补充完整为定语从句则为:..., which was shown...;
③时间状语:over the past decades;
④地点状语:in our city;
⑤同位语从句:that all citizens...develop their capabilities,用于解释说明 the strongfeeling;
⑥定语从句:whatever their special conditions,该从句省略了系动词 are,补充完
整后是:whatever their special conditions are;
⑦目的状语:to fully develop...。
【翻译】
在过去的 30年中,公共教育中显示的对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们社会中的一种中强烈的情绪,那就是所有的公民,不管其情况有多特殊,都应享有充分发展其能力的机会。
9. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable
price, thereby establishing a firm home market so making it possible to
provide for export at competitive prices.
【词汇】
distribution: n. 分配,分布
reasonable: adj. 合理的;有理性的
establish: vt. 建立,创建
competitive: adj. 竞争的;(价格等)有竞争力的
【句式分析】
句子主干为 It serves...to....;其中 at reasonable price 做方式状语;thereby 后面连
接了两个并列的现在分词结构—establishing ...so making...,用作目的状语;making
后面的 it 是形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式 to provide for export...。
【翻译】
它(广告)能够直接帮助货物以比较合理的价格被迅速分销出去,因此可以(使公司)建立一个坚固的国内市场,同时也使以具有竞争力的价格提供出口变得可能。