2016年全国医学考博英语统一考试真题06

希赛网英语频道为大家整理2016年全国医学博士英语统一考试真题。

Part IV Reading Comprehension (30%)

Passage Three

Less meat and dairy in our diets could help reduce agricultural greenhouse gases by as much as 80% by 2055, according to a recent study by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK). The researchers created global land-use model to project likely outcomes given different scenarios involving consumer dietary trends and changes in agriculture production methods. The models take into consideration population growth, the world economy, and other factors.

The researchers found that, if meat and dairy consumption patterns remain constant of increase, the associated global agricultural omissions will increase significantly. On the other hand, a 25% reduction over the next 40 years would help bring levels to where they were around 1995.

Methane and nitrous oxide in particular could be reduced if less meat and dairy is produced and consumed. These gases are caused largely by livestock waste and synthetic fertilizers. Around two-thirds of nitrous-oxide emissions come from agriculture—and most of that as a result of either raising animals or producing the feed used to raise them. Consumers5 food choices, combined with what one PIK researcher terms “technical mitigation options on the producers side” could make an enormous impact on these emissions.

While not nearly as much methane or nitrous oxide is released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide, both are significantly more potent and they form substantial pieces of the greenhouse gas pie. Both of these gases trap heat and radiation in the atmosphere much more effectively than does carbon dioxide.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency cites methane as being "21 times more effective at trapping heat in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide over a 100-year time period. " Nitrous oxide is more than 300 times more effective than CO2. While the PIK study doesn’t detail exactly which consumer choices and eating habits can help reverse the trend, it seems clear that less is more when it comes to consuming meat and dairy products.

61. The current PIK study .

A. was nothing but a what-if

B.was based on the global land-use models

C. managed to reduce agricultural greenhouse gases

D. changed the patterns of meat and dairy consumption

62. As the PIK results imply, it is possible .

A. to keep the consumption patterns unchanged over the next 40 years

B. to reduce the emissions by 25% over the next 40 years

C. to maintain a constant drop in the consumption

D. to return to the emission levels around 1995

63. Simply put, to produce and consume less meat and dairy is to .

A. reduce more methane and nitrous oxide emissions

B.produce more economic benefits for agriculture

C. cut two-thirds more of nitrous-oxide emissions

D. have more technical mitigation options

64. The greenhouse gas pie tells us .

A. the importance of being a vegetation

B.no need to worry about carbon dioxide

C. the priorities in the environmental protection

D. the best consumer choice for meat and dairy products

65. What can be the best title for the passage?

A. Eating Healthy B. From Farm to Plate

C. Green House Effect D. Diet for a Healthier Planet

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