2016年全国医学考博英语统一考试真题05

希赛网英语频道为大家整理2016年全国医学博士英语统一考试真题。

Part IV Reading Comprehension (30%)

Passage Two

The United States and England each has a major一and unique—health-care challenge, according to a study comparing the health of senior citizens in the two countries. The study, conducted by researchers from RAND Corporation in the United States and Institute for Fiscal Studies in the United Kingdom, found that disease and health disorder incidence was higher among U. S. senior citizens, but mortality rates were

higher among English senior citizens.

Americans aged 65 and older have almost twice the rate of diabetes found among their English counterparts and more than double the rate of cancer. Nevertheless, death rate among Americans 65 and older is lower.Americans are a sicker group of people who tend to live longer," says James Smith, a study coauthor He attributes the U. S. health problems to lifestyle factors, including poor eating habits and inadequate exercise. Americans tend to eat much larger servings of food, for example, **There is what I call an American plate. When we go to a restaurant，it ’ s plate I can’t even eat any more. It’s a plate with so much food on if it’s not even appealing to me."

Smith also says that English adults are generally much more physically active than Americans. Biking and walking are much common in everyday life in England. He observes that" there is a lot of walking in London, and there is a lot of bicycle riding. I don’t see people in downtown Los Angeles on their bicycles." On the other hand, England5 s problem is that doctors fail to diagnose serious conditions early enough. American doctors tend to screen patients for cancer, diabetes, and other illnesses more frequently. Smith notes “American medicine is much more aggressive. It leads to high costs, but it has benefits, too”.

66. The study5 s results indicated .

A. an urgent call for health promotion among English and American senior citizens

B.health disparities between English and American senior citizens

C. a close relation between disease incidence and mortality rate

D. a significant rise in mortality rates among senior citizens

67. Which of the following is a unique health care challenge for English senior citizens when compared with their American counterparts?

A. A higher death rate. B. A higher rate of cancer.

C. A higher incidence of disease. D. A lower tendency to have diabetes.

68. What does James Smith imply by an American plate?

A. A sedentary American lifestyles.

B.American junk foods on the table.

C. A large portion of food consumed by Americans.

D. Severe malnutrition among American senior citizens.

69. The Americans5 unique health-care challenge according to James Smith, is derived from .

A. their unusual forms of physical activities B.their different geographic location

C. their genetic likelihood of obesity D. their unhealthy lifestyle factors

70. Even though it is much more aggressive, the American medicine .

A. better improves the quality of life among its senior citizens

B.benefits more seniors who need medical care

C. facilitates its senior citizens to live longer

D. helps its senior citizens live

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