2014年全国医学考博英语统一考试真题07

希赛网英语频道为大家整理2014年全国医学博士英语统一考试真题。

Part IV Reading Comprehension (30%)

Passage Four

For many environmentalists, all human influence on the planet is bad. Many natural scientists implicitly share this outlook. This is not unscientific, but it can create the impression that greens and environmental scientists are authoritarian tree-huggers who value nature above people. That doesn’t play well with mainstream society, as the apparent backlash against climate scientist revels.

Environmentalists need to find a new story to tell. Like it or not, we now live in the anthropogene （人类纪）一an age in which humans are perturbing many of the planet’s natural systems, from the water to the acidity of the oceans. We cannot wish that away we must recognize it and manage our impacts.

Johan Rockstrom, head of the Stockholm Environment Institute in Sweden, and colleagues have distilled recent research on how Earth system work into a list of nine “ planetary boundaries” that we must stay within to live sustainably. It is preliminary work, and many will disagree with where the boundaries are set. But the point is to offer a new way of thinking about our relationship with the environment—a science-based picture that accepts a certain level of human impact and even allow us some room to expand. The result is a breath of fresh air： though we are already well past three of the boundaries, we haven’t trashed the

place yet.

It is in the same spirit that we also probe the basis for key claims in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change5 s 2007 report on climate impacts. This report has been much discussed since our revelations about its unsubstantiated statement on melting Himalayan glaciers. Why return to the topic? Because there is a sense that the IPCC shares the same anti-human agenda and, as a result, is too dangerous of unverified numbers. While the majority of the report is assuredly rigorous, there is no escaping the fact that parts of it make claims that go beyond the science.

Above all, we need a dispassionate view of the state of the planet and our likely future impact on it. There is no room for complacency: Rockstrom5 s analysis shows us that we face real dangers, but exaggerating our problems is not the way to solve them.

76. As the 1st paragraph implies, there is between environmentalists and mainstream society .

A. a misunderstanding B. a confrontation C. a collaboration D. a consensus

77. Within the planetary boundaries, as Rockstrom implies, .

A. we humans have gone far beyond the limitations

B.our human activities are actually moderate in degree

C. a certain level of human impact is naturally acceptable

D. it is urgent to modify our relationship with the environment

78. The point, based on Rochstrom5 s investigation, is simply that .

A. they made the first classification of Earth systems

B.it is not to deny but to manage impacts on the planet

C. we are approaching the anthropogene faster than expected

D. human being s are rational and responsible creatures on earth

79. Critical of the IPCC5 s 2007 report, the author argues that they .

A. missed the most serious problem there B.were poorly assembled for the mission

C. cannot be called scientists at all D. value nature above people

80. It can be concluded from the passage that if we are to manage the anthropogene successfully, we .

A. must redefine our relationship with the environment

B.should not take it seriously but to take it easy

C. need a new way of thinking about nature

D. need cooler heads and clearer statistics

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