2014年全国医学考博英语统一考试真题04

希赛网英语频道为大家整理2014年全国医学博士英语统一考试真题。

Part IV Reading Comprehension (30%)

Directions: In this part there are six passages, each of which is followed by five questions. For each question there are four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.

Passage One

I have just returned from Mexico, where I visited a factory making medical masks. Faced with fierce competition, the owner has cut his costs by outsourcing some of his production. Scores of people work for him in their homes, threading elastic into masks by hand. They are paid below the minimum wage, with no

job security and no health care provision.

Users of medical masks and other laboratory gear probably give little thought to where their equipment comes from. That needs to change. A significant proportion of these products are made in the developing world by low-paid people with inadequate labor rights. This leads to human misery on a tremendous scale. Take lab coats. Many are made in India, where most cotton farmers are paid an unfair price for their crops and factory employees work illegal hours for poor pay. One-fifth of the world5 s surgical instruments are made in northern Pakistan. When I visited a couple of years ago I found most worker toiling 12 hours a day, seven days a week, for less than a dollar a day, exposed to noise, metal dust and toxic chemicals. Thousands of children, some as young as 7, work in the

industry. To win international contracts, factory owners must offer rock-bottom prices, and consequently drive down wages and labor conditions as far as they can. We laboratory scientists in the developed world may unwittingly be encouraging this： we ask how much our equipment will cost, but which of us asks who made it and how much they were paid? This is no small matter. Science is supposed to benefit humanity, but because of the conditions under which their tools are made, many scientists may actually be causing harm. What can be done? A knee-jerk boycott of unethical goods is not the answer； it would just make things

worse for workers in those manufacturing zones. What we need is to start asking suppliers to be transparent about where and how their products are manufactured and urge them to improve their manufacturing practices.

It can be done. Many universities are committed to fair trade in the form of ethically sourced tea, coffee or bananas. That model should be extended to laboratory goods.There are signs that things are moving. Over the past few years I have worked with health services in the IK and in Sweden. Both have recently instituted ethical procurement practices. If science is truly going to help humanity, it needs to follow suit.

61. From the medical masks to the lab coats, the author is trying to tell us .

A. the practice of occupational protection in the developing world

B. the developing countries plagued by poverty and disease

C. the cheapest labor in the developing countries

D. the human misery behind them

62. The concerning phenomenon the author had observed, according to the passage .

A. is nothing but the repetition of the miserable history

B.could have been even exaggerated

C. is unfamiliar to the wealthy west

D. is prevailing across the world

63. The author argues that when researchers in the wealthy west buy tools, they should .

A. have the same concern with the developing countries

B. be blind to their sources for the sake of humanity

C. pursue good bargains in the international market

D. spare a thought for how they were made

64. A proper course of action suggested by the author is .

A. to refuse to import the unethical goods from the developing world

B. to ask scientists to tell the truth as the prime value of their work

C. to urge the manufacturers to address the immoral issues

D. to improve the transparency of international contracts

65. By saying at the end of the passage that if science is truly going to help humanity, it needs to follow suit, the author means that .

A. the scientific community should stand up for all humanity

B.the prime value of scientists5 work is to tell the truth

C. laboratory goods also need to be ethically sourced

D. because of science, there is hope for humanity

点击返回全国医学博士英语统一考试真题汇总

素材来源：网络

>>点击注册会员，享更多英语考试相关资料，问题咨询可拨打电话400-111-9811