2010年全国医学考博英语统一考试真题03

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Part IV Reading Comprehension (30%)

Directions: In this part there are six passages, each of which is followed by five questions. For each question there are four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.

Passage One

Children should avoid using mobile phones for all but essential calls because of possible health effects on young brains. This is one of the expected conclusions of an official government report to be published this week. The report is expected to call for the mobile phone industry to refrain from promoting phone use by children, and to start labeling phones with data on the amount of radiation they emit.

The Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones, chaired by former government chief scientist William Stewart, has spent eight months reviewing existing scientific evidence on all aspects of the health effects of using mobile phones. Its report is believed to conclude that because we don’t fully understand the nonthermal effects of radiation on human tissue, the government should adopt a precautionary approach ,particularly in relation to children.There is currently no evidence that mobile phones harm users or people living near transmitter masts. But some studies show that cell-phones operating at radiation levels within current safety limits do have some sort of biological effect on the brain.

John Tattersall, a researcher on the health effects of radiation at the Defense Evaluation and Research Agency’s site at Porton Down, agrees that it might be wise to limit phone use by children. “If you have a developing nervous system, it ’ s known to be more susceptible to environmental insults," he saysso if phones did prove to be hazardous—which they haven’t yet—it would be sensible.

In 1998, Tattersall showed that radiation levels similar to those emitted by mobile phones could alter signals from brain cells in slices of rat brain, “what we’ve found is an effect, but we don’t know if it5 s hazardous,” he says.

Alan Preece of the University of Bristol, who found last year that microwaves increase reaction times in test subjects, agreed that children5 s exposure would be greater. "There5 s a lot less tissue in the way, and the skill is thinner, so childrenJ s heads are considerably closer,” he says. Stewart5 s report is likely to recommend that the current British safety standards on energy emissions from cell-phones should be cut to the level recommended by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, which is one-fifth of the current British limit. “The extra safety factor of five is somewhat arbitrary," says Michael Clark of the National Radiological Protection Board. “ But we accept that it’s

difficult for the UK to have different standards from an international body. ”

61.Just because it has not been confirmed yet whether mobile phone emissions can harm human tissue according to the government report, does not mean that.

A.the government should prohibit children from using cell-phones

B.we should put down the phone for the sake of safety

C.the industry can have a right to promote phone use

D.children are safe using cell-phones

62.Tattersall argues that it is wise to refrain mobile phone use by children in terms of

A. their neural development

C. the frequency of their irrational use

B.their ill-designed cell-phones

D. their ignorance of its possible health effects

63.On the issue in question, Preece

A.does not agree with Tattersall

B. tries to remove the obstacles in the way

C.asks for further investigation

D. would stand by Stewart

64.What is worrisome at present is that the UK.

A.is going to turn deaf ears to the voice of Stewart5 s plan

B.finds it difficult to cut the current safety standards on phone use

C.maintains different standards on safety limit from the international ones

D.does not even impose safety limit on the mobile phones’ energy emissions

65.Which of the following can be the best candidate for the title of the passage?

A. Brain WaveB. For Adults Only

C. Catch Them YoungD. The Answer in the Air

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