2014年四川大学考博英语真题10

Translation A

The impact of decentralization trends,of course,extends well beyond cities.Sprawling development patterns are destabilizing many of the suburbs that surround cities in this country.Older suburbs are experiencing the same challenges as cities:

failing schools,persistent crime,and the loss of jobs and businesses to other,further out suburbs.Even suburban areas that are developing rapidly are finding that explosive growth has its drawbacks,especially in the form.of overcrowded schools,but also in long commutes and the inability of local governments to pay for new roads,sewers,and other infrastructure.

In the wake of decentralizing economies,central cities remain the residence of"choice"for low-and moderate-income families.While poverty has declined in central cities,urban poverty rates are still twice as high as suburban poverty rates,18.8 percent as against 9.0 percent in 2011 Cities and older suburbs are also.

disproportionately home to families whose earnings are above the poverty level,but below median income(national median income is$37,000 a yeas and 200 percent of the poverty for a family of three is$27,000 a year).

The implications of concentrated poverty are severe.People in these neighborhoods often face a triple whammy:poor schools,weak job information networks,and scarce jobs.They are more likely to live in female-headed households and have less formal educations than residents of other neighborhoods.

【参考译文】

当然，权力下放趋势的影响远远超出了城市。庞大的发展模式正在破坏这个城市周边许多郊区的稳定。老的郊区正经历着与城市同样的挑战：

糟糕的学校、持续不断的犯罪、工作岗位和企业流失到其他更偏远的郊区。即使是发展迅速的郊区也发现，爆炸性增长也有其弊端，尤其是形式。学校人满为患，通勤时间长，地方政府无力支付修建新公路、下水道和其他基础设施的费用。

在经济分权之后，中央城市仍然是低收入和中等收入家庭的“选择”居住地。尽管中部城市的贫困率有所下降，但城市贫困率仍是郊区贫困率的两倍，为18.8%，高于2011年的9.0%。

家庭收入高于贫困水平，但低于中等收入水平(国民平均收入为每年3.7万美元，三口之家的贫困人口的200%为每年2.7万美元)。

集中贫困的影响是严重的。这些社区的人们往往面临三重打击：学校条件差，就业信息网络薄弱，就业机会稀缺。与其他社区居民相比，她们更可能生活在女性主导的家庭中，接受的正规教育也更少。

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