2019年辽宁省学位英语模拟真题（阅读理解)

Part II Reading Comprehension (40%)

Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage 1

In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the primary goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as awareness of those mistakes increases. On the other hand, students should not ignore their mistakes. The language learner may observe how native speakers express themselves, and how native expressions differ from the way the learner might say them. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been saying “I do it” to express willingness to do something in the immediate future, could, by communicating with native speakers of English, observe that native speakers actually say “I’ll do it”. This difference can serve as a basis for the student to change his way of using the present tense in English. But a student who is unwilling to communicate in the first place would lose this opportunity to learn by trial and error.

31. According to the passage, the present tense in English is ________.

A. not used to express a desire to do something in the immediate future

B. used with some verbs but not with others to express future intention

C. basically the same in English as it is in Spanish

D. not the most difficult problem for foreign students

32. According to the passage learners can reduce the number of their mistakes by ________.

A. asking native speakers for explanations

B. reading good books in the foreign language

C. comparing their speech with that of native speakers

D. speaking without regard to native speakers

33. According to the passage, foreign language students who do not communicate with native speakers will NOT ________.

A. learn very much about the foreign society

B. learn about the history of the foreign language

C. have to worry about making mistakes

D. take advantage of available language

34. According to the passage, foreign language students should not worry too much about making mistakes because ________.

A. native speakers like foreign students who try to learn their language

B. communication is the primary goal of language learning

C. native speakers will ignore their mistakes

D. everyone makes mistakes when trying to communicate in a strange language

35. The author’s major conclusion about the function of mistakes in foreign language learning is
that ________.

A. mistakes are not important in the process of learning a language

B. learners are often very afraid of making mistakes

C. making mistakes can help the learner discover the rules of the language

D. native speakers often do not tell foreign language learners about their mistakes

Passage 2

The Chinese have used a method called acupuncture(针灸) to perform operations for about 4, 000 years without putting the patient to sleep. This involves placing flexible needles into certain parts of the body. The needles are available in a number of stores in China and anyone may buy them.

To learn how to use the needles takes about one month of training. But to be skillful requires greater time. The person who performs the acupuncture knows how to put in the needles so the needles themselves are not painful. This person also knows where to place the needles so the patient feels no pain in the area where the operation is to be performed. A particular operation might require 25 or more needles placed in various parts of the body. But now this operation requires only 3 or 4 needles.

Today, the Chinese doctors are trying to learn more about acupuncture. They are trying to develop a convincing theory to explain how the needles work in preventing pain, or why a needle in the wrist, for example, would prevent the pain in the area of the mouth.
A patient who needs an operation is given a choice between having acupuncture or having one of the chemicals used for putting him to sleep. It has been estimated that over half of the patients choose acupuncture because there is no sickness after the operation because the chemical may make the patient sick for a few hours or a day.

36. Acupuncture is ________.

A. a medical operation   B. a medical needle

C. a medical technique   D. a medical machine

37. Which statement is NOT true of the performer of acupuncture?

A. He knows where to place the needles without pain.

B. He knows where the operation is to be performed.

C. He knows how to perform the operation to cure the patient.

D. He knows how to use the needles in an operation.

38. To learn how to use the needles, it takes a person ________.

A. several months   B. a couple of weeks
C. a life time   D. almost one month

39. It can be learned from the passage that ________.

A. the person performing the acupuncture knows a lot about the making of needles

B. an operation now needs fewer needles than in the past

C. acupuncture has existed in China for as long as 2,000 years

D. few patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals

40. Which is implied but not stated in the passage?

A. The Chinese mainly use acupuncture to cure strange disease.

B. The Chinese are learning to be more skillful and efficient in acupuncture.

C. The Chinese have spread acupuncture all over the world.

D. Most Chinese patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals in curing disease.

Passage 3

Is teaching important? Well, of course it is. There was a time when the necessary knowledge could be taught to the young by family members. But as societies became more complex and division of labor more common, it was impossible for family members to teach the information and skills young people needed to become useful members of the society. As the need for specialists appeared, the job of teaching came into being in our county, and teaching as a job has been of increasing importance over the past hundred years. Today, we have strict rules for teachers. We hope all children can attend schools. Many things tell us that teaching is indeed an “important” job.

In recent years, there has been an increasing need for teachers to be “responsible”. This means that the public expects teachers to succeed in teaching important information to the young. Teachers’ salaries today, while not much, certainly are much higher than they were in years past. These increases have come about because people have realized that without enough salaries, people who have abilities will not become teachers. Today almost no one says that “anybody will do” for a teacher. The public expects “quality people” to teach the young, and progress is being made to give salaries that will make people who have abilities become teachers.

41. Before the job of teaching came into being, ________.

A. family members had been responsible for the education of the young

B. specialists had been in charge of teaching young people

C. young people had had to be self-educated

D. the society had played an important role in educating young people

42. The job of teaching came into being mainly because of ________.

A. the development of the society B. the explosion of information

C. the need for specialists D. the civilization of human beings

43. Teachers’ salaries are raised today in order to ________.

A. show the importance of teaching as a job

B. attract more qualified people to become teachers

C. make teachers “responsible” in their teaching

D. improve the quality of public teaching

44. “Anybody will do for a teacher” (Para. 2) means that ________.

A. almost all people want to become a teacher

B. a teacher is so highly respected that people all want to help him

C. a teacher will do whatever he can for his students

D. the job of teaching is so easy that everybody can do it

45. We know from the passage that ________.

A. it is important to be successful in teaching the young

B. enough salaries are necessary in making quality people become teachers

C. greater progress has to be made in teaching

D. teaching is a product of the society’s division of labor

Passage 4

Though some people have suggested that women should return to housework in order to leave more jobs for men, the idea has been rejected by both women and men in public opinion polls(民意测验). Lately some union officials have suggested that too many women are employed in type of work more suitable for men and that women should step aside to make way for unemployed young men. They argue that women — especially women in their childbearing years — actually delay economic development and result in lower productivity, poor quality and inefficiency.
To solve the problem, they have suggested that the working women stay at home while their husbands or brothers were given double wages. They argue that under these circumstances, families would retain their same level of income and women could run the house and raise children much better.

The suggestion has been rejected by 9 out of 10 people polled. A hundred persons in a big city were questioned last summer. Out of 40 women, 36 said they were unwilling to leave their jobs, no matter what the situation was. The other 4 said they would like to return home if their jobs could be taken by their sons or daughters. Of 40 men polled, only 6 said they would like to see their wives give up their jobs, if it meant higher wages for themselves.

Some other people have suggested another way called “phased employment theory”. The theory suggests that a woman worker take leave from her job when she is seven months pregnant(妊娠) and stay off the job until her baby reaches the age of 3. It suggests that women on leave receives 75 percent of their normal salary and be allowed to return to work after the 3-year period. This will benefit children, women, their families and the society. Some of those polled, both women and men, felt the idea is a good one. It definitely seems to be more acceptable than the suggestion that women return to home forever.

46. Some union officials have suggested that women should return home because ________.

A. all of them are employed in unsuitable types of work

B. most skilled male workers are now unemployed

C. their participation in work has a bad influence on the economic development

D. nowadays no one can take care of children except women

47. Some union officials have suggested that if women resign their jobs, ________.

A. they should be allowed to attend school to be trained

B. their jobs should be taken over by the male members of their families

C. the male employees in their families should receive double wages

D. their children should also leave their kindergartens

48. According to the passage, the suggestion that women should return to housework was ________.

A. opposed by most men and women B. welcomed by men only

C. welcomed by women only D. welcomed by men and women

49. From the passage we can see “phased employment” means ________.

A. two or more women share the same job

B. women stay at home on weekdays and go to work on weekends or holidays

C. a woman should resign her job forever if she has a child

D. women are allowed to take leave from their jobs during their childbearing years

50. According to the “phased employment” theory, during a woman’s leave from her job ________.

A. her work should be done by her husband or brothers

B. either her husband or her brothers will be given double wages

C. her family can still keep the same level of income

D. her family’s income level will be a little lower than it normally is

Part II Reading Comprehension

31. A【解析】推理判断题。在原文第七行中作者说在西班牙语中用一般现在时表示将来，而英语当中就要用将来时。因此答案选A。

32. C【解析】事实细节题。第四句直接可找到答案。也可以用排除法，A、B、D三个选项的内容都与文章无关。

33. D【解析】推理判断题。根据原文中最后一句话“不愿意交流的学习者会失去通过尝试从错误中学习的机会”。因此D正确。

34. B【解析】事实细节题。根据原文中第二句话“如果语言的首要目的是交际，那么犯错误就是次要的考虑了，可以在对这些错误的认识增强以后再处理”。因此答案选B。

35. C【解析】主旨大意题。通观全文，我们可以看出作者的意图是说交流既然是学习语言的首要目的，语言学习者在使用语言的过程中就不要惧怕犯错误。正是这些语言错误使得学习者能够不断提高。因此答案选C。

36. C【解析】事实细节题。根据文章第一段第一句可以断定针灸是用来阻止手术过程中病人疼痛的技术。因此答案选C。

37. C【解析】事实细节题。根据第二段的第三、四句“针灸的医生知道如何施针、把针施在什么位置上病人才不会感觉疼”。因此A、B、D都符合文章的内容。但是并没有提到他知道如何进行手术来治好病人。只有C项是错误的。

38. D【解析】事实细节题。由文章第二段第一句“学会针灸要花费一个月的时间进行培训”可知答案应选D。

39. B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段的最后两句话可以知道“过去的手术全身需要二十五支或更多的针，但现在这样的手术只需要三、四根针”。因此答案选B。

40. B【解析】推理判断题。第二段中谈到了现在的针灸用的针比过去减少了；第三段又说医生正在学习更多的针灸知识，他们也在试图总结一些可信的理论，最后一段又谈到，据估计一半多的病人愿意选择针灸治疗。因此可以推断：中国人的针灸技术越来越精湛，越来越有效。所以答案选B。

41. A【解析】事实细节题。根据第一段中第三句“在有教师的工作之前，家庭成员负责孩子们的教育”，所以A是正确答案。

42. C【解析】事实细节题。根据文章第一段“随着社会的发展，社会分工的普遍，家庭成员已经无法满足孩子们对知识、技术的需求，特别需要专业人员，教师这个职业就应运而生了”。所以教师职业出现的主要原因是对专业人员的需求。

43. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段第三句可以知道“给教师加薪是为了吸引有能力的人当老师”，文章的最后一句基本也是一样的意思，所以选B。

44. D【解析】语义判断题。Anybody will do for a teacher 的意思是“教师工作太容易了，什么人都能做”。故选D。

45. B 【解析】推理判断题。文章在第一段的末尾谈到教师是非常重要的工作，第二段又谈到公众需要responsible“负责任的”、 have abilities“有能力”的教师来教育下一代。同时人们认识到提高教师工资待遇才能吸引高素质的人成为教师。因此我们可以得出结论：优厚的工资是吸引高素质人才成为教师的必要手段。只有B是正确答案，A、C、D均不符合文章的内容。

46. C【解析】事实细节题。根据第一段最后一句话“他们认为妇女，尤其生育期的妇女，阻碍了经济发展，结果导致生产效率低，质量差”。因此可以断定：他们认为妇女应该回家的理由是妇女们工作会对经济的发展有不利的影响。因此选C。

47. C【解析】事实细节题。答案在第二段的第一句话“他们建议：如果职业妇女辞职回家，她们的丈夫或兄弟们应当挣双份工资”。

48. A 【解析】推理判断题。文章第三段第一句说到“参加民意调查的人有十分之九反对此建议”，然后又具体地说明了对男女调查的结果证明绝大多数人都反对妇女回家做家务，因此选A。

49. D【解析】语义判断题。第四段第二句大意是“妇女可以在怀孕七个月的时候请假，一直到孩子三岁的时候再来上班”，所以我们猜phased employment的意思很可能是“分阶段地参加工作，”所以答案选D“妇女生育期间是允许请假不上班的”。

50. D【解析】推理判断题。最后一段第三句“有人建议妇女在生育假期中拿正常工资的75%，并且三年以后可以回到原来的工作岗位上来”，因此妇女在此期间的收入要比平常低，故选D。