2021年成人高考学位英语模拟题(1)

Part I Vocabulary and Structure(15%)

Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

1. The news quickly spread through the village _______ the war had ended.

A. which B. what C. that D. where

2. We hurried to the station _______ find ourselves three hours earlier for the train.

A. only to B. in order to C. so as to D. such as to

3. I meant ________ you, but I’m afraid I forgot.

A. ringing B. being ringing C. to ringing D. to ring

4. We live in a time ________, more than ever before in history, people are moving.

A. what B. when C. which D. where

5. Is there any possibility of getting the price _______ further?

A. reduced B. reduce C. reducing D. be reduced

6. _______ you feel too ill to go out, I would rather not stay at home tonight.

A. Because B Although C. Unless D. If

7. Because of many mistakes, she was made ________ these letters again.

A. type B. to typing C. typed D. to type

8. It is hot and dry; the flowers need ________.

A. being watered B. be watered C. to water D. to be watered

9. He began by showing us where the country was and went on ________ us about its climate.

A. telling B. to tell C. to telling D. to be told

10. Our failure ________ ourselves to modern life often causes us trouble in our work.

A. to adopt B. to apply C. to adapt D. to act

11. Once ________ of the necessity of a move, he worked hard to find a new home.

A. convinced B. be convinced C. convincing D. having convinced

12. So many representatives ________ , the conference had to be put off.

A. were absent B. to be absent C. being absent D. had been absent

13. In no case ________ the students from exploring new ideas.

A. we should prevent B. we could prevent

C. should we prevent D. shouldn’t prevent

14. I don’t think it advisable that Tom ________ to the job since he has no experience.

A. be assigned B. is assigned C. will be assigned D. has been assigned

15. With all this work on hand, she _________ to the dance party last night.

A. oughtn’t to go B. hadn’t gone

C. shouldn’t have gone D. mustn’t have gone

16. As Christmas was coming, the town began a ________ clearing on a large scale.

A. through B. thorough C. though D. thought

17. E-mail writing has become the usual means of communication ________ people some distance away.

A. for B. on C. to D. with

18. It is a good idea for parents to monitor the _______ as well as the kind of television that their children watch.

A. number B. size C. amount D. screen

19. I’m afraid that there isn’t ________ for you in my car.

A. place B. seat C. corner D. room

20. It suddenly ________ to me that we could use a computer to do the job.

A. happened B. occurred C. agreed D. presented

21. The old people often raise ________ for the sake of companionship.

A. pets B. pipes C. pills D. pies

22. The river here is very wide but ________, so you can walk across it.

A. narrow B. arrow C. shallow D. hollow

23. The streets were empty ________ the policemen on duty.

A. besides B. except C. excepting D. except for

24. Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within the ________ of little children.

A. hand B. reach C. space D. distance

25. — “How did you pay the workers?”

— “As a rule, they were paid by ________.”

A. the hour B. an hour C. hour D. the time

26. ______ of the students in our class are from the north.

A. Two ninth B. Second ninth C. Second nines D. Two ninths

27. My father has classes ________ day: Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.

A. each other B. every other C. this and the other D. all other

28. This morning Jack came to school late ________.

A. than usual B. as usual C. like usual D. like usually

29. I’m putting on weight. The doctor has warned me to _________ sugar.

A. keep up B. keep back C. keep off D. keep away

30. We were ________ for half an hour in the traffic and so we arrived late.

A. kept up B. held up C. cut up D. brought up

Part II Reading Comprehension (40%)

Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage 1

In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the primary goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as awareness of those mistakes increases. On the other hand, students should not ignore their mistakes. The language learner may observe how native speakers express themselves, and how native expressions differ from the way the learner might say them. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been saying “I do it” to express willingness to do something in the immediate future, could, by communicating with native speakers of English, observe that native speakers actually say “I’ll do it”. This difference can serve as a basis for the student to change his way of using the present tense in English. But a student who is unwilling to communicate in the first place would lose this opportunity to learn by trial and error.

31. According to the passage, the present tense in English is ________.

A. not used to express a desire to do something in the immediate future

B. used with some verbs but not with others to express future intention

C. basically the same in English as it is in Spanish

D. not the most difficult problem for foreign students

32. According to the passage learners can reduce the number of their mistakes by ________.

A. asking native speakers for explanations

B. reading good books in the foreign language

C. comparing their speech with that of native speakers

D. speaking without regard to native speakers

33. According to the passage, foreign language students who do not communicate with native speakers will NOT ________.

A. learn very much about the foreign society

B. learn about the history of the foreign language

C. have to worry about making mistakes

D. take advantage of available language

34. According to the passage, foreign language students should not worry too much about making mistakes because ________.

A. native speakers like foreign students who try to learn their language

B. communication is the primary goal of language learning

C. native speakers will ignore their mistakes

D. everyone makes mistakes when trying to communicate in a strange language

35. The author’s major conclusion about the function of mistakes in foreign language learning is

that ________.

A. mistakes are not important in the process of learning a language

B. learners are often very afraid of making mistakes

C. making mistakes can help the learner discover the rules of the language

D. native speakers often do not tell foreign language learners about their mistakes

Passage 2

The Chinese have used a method called acupuncture(针灸) to perform operations for about 4, 000 years without putting the patient to sleep. This involves placing flexible needles into certain parts of the body. The needles are available in a number of stores in China and anyone may buy them.

To learn how to use the needles takes about one month of training. But to be skillful requires greater time. The person who performs the acupuncture knows how to put in the needles so the needles themselves are not painful. This person also knows where to place the needles so the patient feels no pain in the area where the operation is to be performed. A particular operation might require 25 or more needles placed in various parts of the body. But now this operation requires only 3 or 4 needles.

Today, the Chinese doctors are trying to learn more about acupuncture. They are trying to develop a convincing theory to explain how the needles work in preventing pain, or why a needle in the wrist, for example, would prevent the pain in the area of the mouth.

A patient who needs an operation is given a choice between having acupuncture or having one of the chemicals used for putting him to sleep. It has been estimated that over half of the patients choose acupuncture because there is no sickness after the operation because the chemical may make the patient sick for a few hours or a day.

36. Acupuncture is ________.

A. a medical operation B. a medical needle

C. a medical technique D. a medical machine

37. Which statement is NOT true of the performer of acupuncture?

A. He knows where to place the needles without pain.

B. He knows where the operation is to be performed.

C. He knows how to perform the operation to cure the patient.

D. He knows how to use the needles in an operation.

38. To learn how to use the needles, it takes a person ________.

A. several months B. a couple of weeks

C. a life time D. almost one month

39. It can be learned from the passage that ________.

A. the person performing the acupuncture knows a lot about the making of needles

B. an operation now needs fewer needles than in the past

C. acupuncture has existed in China for as long as 2,000 years

D. few patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals

40. Which is implied but not stated in the passage?

A. The Chinese mainly use acupuncture to cure strange disease.

B. The Chinese are learning to be more skillful and efficient in acupuncture.

C. The Chinese have spread acupuncture all over the world.

D. Most Chinese patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals in curing disease.

Passage 3

Is teaching important? Well, of course it is. There was a time when the necessary knowledge could be taught to the young by family members. But as societies became more complex and division of labor more common, it was impossible for family members to teach the information and skills young people needed to become useful members of the society. As the need for specialists appeared, the job of teaching came into being in our county, and teaching as a job has been of increasing importance over the past hundred years. Today, we have strict rules for teachers. We hope all children can attend schools. Many things tell us that teaching is indeed an “important” job.

In recent years, there has been an increasing need for teachers to be “responsible”. This means that the public expects teachers to succeed in teaching important information to the young. Teachers’ salaries today, while not much, certainly are much higher than they were in years past. These increases have come about because people have realized that without enough salaries, people who have abilities will not become teachers. Today almost no one says that “anybody will do” for a teacher. The public expects “quality people” to teach the young, and progress is being made to give salaries that will make people who have abilities become teachers.

41. Before the job of teaching came into being, ________.

A. family members had been responsible for the education of the young

B. specialists had been in charge of teaching young people

C. young people had had to be self-educated

D. the society had played an important role in educating young people

42. The job of teaching came into being mainly because of ________.

A. the development of the society B. the explosion of information

C. the need for specialists D. the civilization of human beings

43. Teachers’ salaries are raised today in order to ________.

A. show the importance of teaching as a job

B. attract more qualified people to become teachers

C. make teachers “responsible” in their teaching

D. improve the quality of public teaching

44. “Anybody will do for a teacher” (Para. 2) means that ________.

A. almost all people want to become a teacher

B. a teacher is so highly respected that people all want to help him

C. a teacher will do whatever he can for his students

D. the job of teaching is so easy that everybody can do it

45. We know from the passage that ________.

A. it is important to be successful in teaching the young

B. enough salaries are necessary in making quality people become teachers

C. greater progress has to be made in teaching

D. teaching is a product of the society’s division of labor

解析

Part I Vocabulary and Structure

1. C【句意】战争结束的消息很快传遍了村庄。

【解析】 在idea，fact，news，belief，suggestion等词后用that 引起的从句作同位语，说明该名词的具体内容;同位语可以不紧跟在它说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。

2. A【句意】我们匆忙赶到火车站时却发现早到了三个小时。

【解析】动词不定式在句中可用来作目的、结果状语。only to do(不料却)表示“结果”;in order to和so as to意思均为“以便，为了”，表达“目的”;such as to “到如此的程度以致”，例如：Her kindness was such as to make us all love her. 根据题意，应选A.

3. D【句意】本来我要给你打电话的，遗憾的是我忘记了。

【解析】动词mean 后，可用动名词作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语，但意义差别很大，mean doing 是“意味着”而mean to do是“意欲，打算做”的意思。接动词不定式和动名词有区别的动词还有remember，forget，stop，go on 和regret等，总的来说，与这类动词连用时，动名词指发生于这些动词之前的事，不定式表示发生在它们之后的事。

4. B【句意】在我们所生活的这个时代，人们的流动性比历史上任何一个时期都大。

【解析】先行词a time，在定语从句中作时间状语，故选择表示时间的关系副词when.

5. A【句意】 价格有可能再降低吗?

【解析】to get something done 结构常用来表示使某事得以做成，所以选择A.

6. C【句意】 要不是你身体不适无法外出，今晚我真不愿意呆在家里。

【解析】unless经常用来代替if not，表达“如果A不受阻于B， A将发生”。其它选项使句子语义不符合逻辑。因此正确答案为C.

7. D【句意】因为错误百出，要求她把这些信重新打出来。

【解析】 在make，let，have，see，hear，feel，watch，notice等动词后面的作宾语补足语的不定式，要省略to.但句子变成被动结构时就必须带to.

8. D【句意】天又热又干，花需要浇水了。

【解析】在demand，deserve，need，require，want等动词后面，动名词的主动形式表示被动的意思，若改接动词不定式，则必须用动词不定式的被动形式。The flowers need watering. = The flowers needs to be watered.

9. B【句意】他开始讲解了这个国家的位置，接着又告诉了我们这个国家的气候情况。

【解析】go on doing sth. 表示“继续做一直在做的事”，而go on to do表示“改做另一件事”，讲解国家的位置和告诉国家的气候情况是两件不同的事，所以应该使用动词不定式。

10. C【句意】对现代生活的不适应经常会给我们的工作带来困扰。

【解析】adopt“收养;采用”;apply“申请;应用”;adapt“适应”;act “表演;做”。

11. A【句意】一旦认为有搬家的必要，他就竭力去找一所新房子。

【解析】 convince 的固定用法是convince sb. of sth.，“使某人相信”，本句中he与convince 是动宾关系，应该用被动语态。当从句中的主语与句子的主语一致时，可同时省去从句中的主语和系动词。因此正确答案是A.

12. C【句意】因为许多代表缺席，所以会议被推迟了。

【解析】 独立主格。由句子结构可以看出，空缺处应填入非谓语动词，所以排除选项A和D.现在分词短语可用作状语表示原因，相当于一个表示原因的状语从句：So many representatives being absent = Because so many representatives were absent.B选项to be absent 无此用法。

13. C【句意】 绝不要阻止学生对新思想的探究。

【解析】 句首有否定词或否定短语时，句子要部分倒装。常见的否定词有never，hardly，scarcely，little，seldom，not，not until，rarely，no sooner… than， nowhere等;常见的否定短语有in no case，in no way，by no means，in no sense，under no circumstances等。

14. A【句意】 既然汤姆没有工作经验，我认为安排他做这项工作是不合适的。

【解析】在有advisable，important，necessary，strange，vital等形容词的句子的名词性从句中谓语动词使用虚拟形式：(should)+动词原形，这类形容词一般表示个人对事件的反应。

15. C【句意】因为手头有这些活儿，她昨晚不应该去参加舞会。

【解析】从句意看，她已经参加了晚会。should not have done表示做了本不应该做的事，有埋怨的意思。所以最佳答案是C.

16. B【句意】圣诞节来临的时候，这个小镇开始了大规模的大扫除。

【解析】 through “通过”;thorough “彻底的;全面的”;though “尽管”;thought “思想;想法”。

17. D【句意】使用E-mail写信已经成为人们与远方的人进行交流的寻常方式。

【解析】communication with 是固定搭配，表达“与…进行交流”的意思。

18. C【句意】让家长监督孩子们所看电视节目的数量和种类是个不错的想法。

【解析】 number“数字”，后跟可数名词。而amount“数量”，后跟不可数名词。

19. D【句意】恐怕我的车内没有你的地方了。

【解析】选项A， B， C都是可数名词单数，但没有不定冠词，所以都被排除;D选项room在表示“空间”含义时是不可数名词，所以为最佳答案。

20. B【句意】我突然想到可以使用计算机来做这项工作。

【解析】 It occurs to sb. that是常用句型，“某人突然想起”的意思。

21. A【句意】因为想有个做伴的，所以老年人经常会养宠物。

【解析】 pets“宠物”;pipe“管状物”;pill“药片”;pie“馅饼”。

22. C【句意】这的河非常宽但是很浅，所以你可以趟过去。

【解析】 narrow“狭窄”;arrow“箭”;shallow“浅的”;hollow“空的”。

23. D【句意】要不是有警察在值勤，大街上是空无一人。

【解析】except for和except意思均为“除了…之外”，两者的区别在于：(1)except for可用于句首，而except不行;(2)except后可跟介词短语或从句，except for 不行;如：He was seen walking with a stick every day except when he was ill in bed.(3)前后有表示同一类事物的名词就用except， 否则就用except for，如：The essays are well written except for a few mistakes in grammar. besides表示“除了……还有;excepting是介词，表示”除了一个之外……“，如：Jack answered all the questions excepting the last one.

24. B【句意】别把火柴和香烟放在小孩子能够到的桌子上。

【解析】 within (the) reach 是“伸手可及”的意思，反义词组是out of / beyond (the) reach.

25. A【句意】你是怎么给工人付钱的?通常是按小时付费的。

【解析】 pay / charge by the hour 是“按小时付费/收费”的意思，不要省略定冠词the.

26. D【句意】我们班有九分之二的学生来自北方。

【解析】 分数词是由基数词和序数词合成的，分子用基数词来表示，分母用序数词来表示，除了分子是“1”的情况外，序数词都要用复数。

27. B【句意】我父亲每隔一天有课：星期一、星期三和星期五。

【解析】 each other “彼此”;every other “每隔”;this，that and the others 又作 this and that “形形色色的东西;各种不同的话题”;all other“所有其他”。

28. B【句意】今天早上，杰克像往常一样上学迟到了。

【解析】 句中的关键词late是原级，没有比较的含义，所以应该选择表达“像往常一样，照例”的as usual.如果题目中的late改为比较级later，就要使用表达比较含义的than usual，

29. C【句意】我发胖了。医生告诫我不要再吃糖了。

【解析】keep up “继续;跟上;使不下降”;keep back “隐瞒;扣除”;keep off “防止;避开;使…免受影响”;keep away from“(使)远离”。

30. B【句意】我们在路上堵了半个小时，所以来晚了。

【解析】keep up “ 维持;继续”;hold up “支撑;耽搁;抢劫;保持强壮”;cut up “切碎;(上课时学生)恶作剧;胡闹”;bring up “提出(议题);养育”。

Part III Reading Comprehension

31. A【解析】推理判断题。在原文第七行中作者说在西班牙语中用一般现在时表示将来，而英语当中就要用将来时。因此答案选A.

32. C【解析】事实细节题。第四句直接可找到答案。也可以用排除法，A.B.D三个选项的内容都与文章无关。

33. D【解析】推理判断题。根据原文中最后一句话“不愿意交流的学习者会失去通过尝试从错误中学习的机会”。因此D正确。

34. B【解析】事实细节题。根据原文中第二句话“如果语言的首要目的是交际，那么犯错误就是次要的考虑了，可以在对这些错误的认识增强以后再处理”。因此答案选B.

35. C【解析】主旨大意题。通观全文，我们可以看出作者的意图是说交流既然是学习语言的首要目的，语言学习者在使用语言的过程中就不要惧怕犯错误。正是这些语言错误使得学习者能够不断提高。因此答案选C.

36. C【解析】事实细节题。根据文章第一段第一句可以断定针灸是用来阻止手术过程中病人疼痛的技术。因此答案选C.

37. C【解析】事实细节题。根据第二段的第三、四句“针灸的医生知道如何施针、把针施在什么位置上病人才不会感觉疼”。因此A.B.D都符合文章的内容。但是并没有提到他知道如何进行手术来治好病人。只有C项是错误的。

38. D【解析】事实细节题。由文章第二段第一句“学会针灸要花费一个月的时间进行培训”可知答案应选D.

39. B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段的最后两句话可以知道“过去的手术全身需要二十五支或更多的针，但现在这样的手术只需要三、四根针”。因此答案选B.

40. B【解析】推理判断题。第二段中谈到了现在的针灸用的针比过去减少了;第三段又说医生正在学习更多的针灸知识，他们也在试图总结一些可信的理论，最后一段又谈到，据估计一半多的病人愿意选择针灸治疗。因此可以推断：中国人的针灸技术越来越精湛，越来越有效。所以答案选B.

41. A【解析】事实细节题。根据第一段中第三句“在有教师的工作之前，家庭成员负责孩子们的教育”，所以A是正确答案。

42. C【解析】事实细节题。根据文章第一段“随着社会的发展，社会分工的普遍，家庭成员已经无法满足孩子们对知识、技术的需求，特别需要专业人员，教师这个职业就应运而生了”。所以教师职业出现的主要原因是对专业人员的需求。

43. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段第三句可以知道“给教师加薪是为了吸引有能力的人当老师”，文章的最后一句基本也是一样的意思，所以选B.

44. D【解析】语义判断题。Anybody will do for a teacher 的意思是“教师工作太容易了，什么人都能做”。故选D.

45. B 【解析】推理判断题。文章在第一段的末尾谈到教师是非常重要的工作，第二段又谈到公众需要responsible“负责任的”、 have abilities“有能力”的教师来教育下一代。同时人们认识到提高教师工资待遇才能吸引高素质的人成为教师。因此我们可以得出结论：优厚的工资是吸引高素质人才成为教师的必要手段。只有B是正确答案，A.C.D均不符合文章的内容。

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