2020成考本科学位英语翻译常考例题汇总

英译汉

完成时

(9). Burning garbage is not a new idea. Some cities in Europe and the United States have been burning garbage for years. 垃圾的燃烧不是新的主意。美国和欧洲的一些城市已经做了很多年了。

(15). By 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form.到1860年，今天运用的大多数工具已经出现了雏形。

(33).The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists (经济学家).人口众多的好处和缺点一直以来是经济学家们谈论的话题。

(39). By the year 2050, experts believe that the problems to explore the food, minerals and energy resources of the sea will have been largely solved.到2050年，专家认为人们开发海底食物，矿产和能源的问题会基本解决。

(45). Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their psychological associations, also have a direct psychological effect.经验表明，可能部分由于心理的关联性，颜色有着直接的心理作用。

(52).So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.到目前为止，研究表明只有具有情感作用的记忆会减淡，不是所有记忆都被磨出。

(54). Indian energy officials have been seeking ways to use less imported oil to provide energy.印度能源部门已经采取措施减少进口来提供能源。

(57).Much unfriendly feeling towards computers has been based on the fear of widespread unemployment resulting from their introduction. 由电脑的介入而导致的随之而来的失业率令人们对电脑有些反感。

时间状语从句

(16). When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat, when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view. 一个饥饿的人饱餐之后就会开始考虑一件外套;一个经理人买了一辆跑车之后，就开始想着一套大房子和游艇了。

(18) For instance, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him. 举例来说，聪明的人来到一个新环境里，所关注的是周围环境而不会注意到自己会发生什么。

(34). When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened.当人口在住房方面带来的压力有所消减，房价也会随之降低，房地产业也会受损。

(35). It wasn’t until the twentieth century that women’s umbrellas began to be made in a variety of colors.直到20世纪女用雨伞才出现多种色彩。

(53). When the issue of smoking at the workplace is discussed, perhaps the most important problem is the health risk that smoking causes to both smokers and never-smokers.若谈起工作场所吸烟的问题，最重要的就是吸烟对吸烟者本人和不吸烟的同事同时带来的健康危害。

(58). After the new system has settled down, people in non-computer jobs are not always replaced when they leave, resulting in a decrease in the number of employees.新的系统建立起来以后，没有电脑的工作岗位上的职员离开后常常是无人接替导致了雇员的流失。

并列结构

(3). In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one.

首先，电视不仅是方便的娱乐资源，也是相对便宜的一种。

(13). The parents in the experimental group were also instructed in how to help children find answers, how to suggest alternative possibilities and how to praise correct answers.

在实验组的家长也同样接受培训，学习如何帮助孩子找到答案，如何给出其他可能的答案以及对于孩子的回答正确如何奖励。

(14). The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture.( Passage3)

19世纪的农业革命包括两个方面：节省劳力的机器的发明以及科学种植的发展。

(20).In Chinese and in English literature. a phrase like “he went pale and began to tremble” suggests that the man is either very afraid or he has just got a very big shock. (Passage 3)

在中文和英文中的表达“他脸色苍白浑身发抖”表明这个人要么非常害怕，要么是非常震惊。

(26). Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal world; that TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless.

孩子没有足够的经验意识到电视剧展现的不是真实世界，也不清楚电视广告吹嘘的商品有时候其实是不好的或者没用的。

(27). Used to TV shows, where everything is quick and interesting, they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures; to read a book that requires thinking; to listen to a teacher who doesn’t do funny things like the people on children’s programs.

习惯了情节发展迅速而且妙趣横生的电视节目，他们就没有耐心去读没有图片的文章和需要思考的书籍了，也不想听老师讲课，因为老师没有儿童节目里的人那么风趣。

(44). Manufacturers(生产商)have discovered by experience that sugar sells. Badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpleasant, and that cosmetics(化妆品) should never be packaged in brown.生产商通过经验发现绿色包装的糖卖的很糟糕，而蓝色的食物不受欢迎，化妆品不应当用褐色的包装。

转折关系

(22). Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult for it to persuade the villagers to see this.即便政府意识的到充足的树木供给量的重要性，却很难说服村民意识到这点。

(23).So, unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests will slowly disappear.于是，除非政府有一个系统来控制，或者教育人们，否则这些森林很快会消失。

(36). I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s a big difference between “being a writer” and writing.我总是鼓励这些人，但我也向他们解释当一个作家和写作的区别。

(37). I would keep putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure.我一直将梦想付诸实践，即使那意味着不确定性和随之而来的失败的恐惧。

(49).Unfortunately, they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles.不幸的是，他们也同样支持快餐，因为快餐可以很容易融入快节奏的生活。

名词性从句

(12). How parents talk to their children makes a big difference in the children’s language development. If a parent encourages the child to actively respond to what the parent is reading, the child’s language skills increase.父母如何跟孩子说话对孩子的语言发展影响很大。如果父母鼓励孩子积极的回应父母读的东西，孩子的语言技巧就会相应提高。

(28). The scientists say that those gestures, movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry.科学家认为那些手势动作能够传达语言所不能表达的东西。

(30). The atmosphere is usually very friendly , and the teachers have now accepted the idea that the important thing is to make the children happy and interested.气氛通常很友好，老师已经认同让孩子快乐兴趣广泛最重要。

(31). But brief replies do not mean Americans are impolite or unfriendly to some extent.但是简单的回答并不意味着美国人在某种意义上缺乏礼貌或者不太友好。

(42). From the above we can come to the conclusion that the more you work the happier and healthier you will be.从以上我们可以得出结论你越工作你就会越健康快乐。

If条件句

(2). If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply.如果你入睡有困难，那么推荐你做几个深呼吸。

(6). If they try hard to do something and fail, they may conclude that they will never be able to accomplish a task. 如果他们很努力的去做然后失败了，他们会给自己下定论：自己一件事也做不成。

(12). How parents talk to their children makes a big difference in the children’s language development. If a parent encourages the child to actively respond to what the parent is reading, the child’s language skills increase. 父母如何跟孩子说话对孩子的语言发展影响很大。如果父母鼓励孩子积极的回应父母读的东西，孩子的语言技巧就会相应提高。

(24). But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not have made twenty pins in a day and not even one.如果他们没有分工，自己独立去做的话，他们根本连20个都做不成，甚至一个都不一定能完成。

(32). If people praise them or thank them in an especially polite way, they may become uncomfortable and not know what to say in reply.如果人们用特别礼貌的方式感谢他们，他们反倒是觉得不舒服，也不知道如何回答。

Used to 和be used to

(4). We get so used to looking at the movements on it, so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives. 我们如此习惯于看电视上的剧情，如此依赖那些画面，电视几乎控制了我们的生活。

(27). Used to TV shows, where everything is quick and interesting, they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures; to read a book that requires thinking; to listen to a teacher who doesn’t do funny things like the people on children’s programs.习惯了情节节奏块的电视节目，他们就没有耐心读没有图片或者需要思考的书，也就不愿听老师讲课，因为老师不会像儿童节目里的人那么搞笑。

(60). It used to distress large numbers of Eastern peoples who lived mainly on rice.那在过去常常困扰靠大米为生的东方人。

So…that

(4). We get so used to looking at the movements on it, so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives.我们如此习惯于看电视上的剧情，如此依赖那些画面，电视几乎控制了我们的生活。

(5). Our school leavers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living.我们学校的应届毕业生面临严峻的竞争，以至于只要可以营生的工作他们都做。

(7). Water is so low in the canals of northern France that waterway traffic is forbidden except on weekends. 法国北部的运河的水面如此之地，以至于水路交通只在周末开放。

定语从句

(1). The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.休息时获得的休息能够让你为明天做好准备。

(10). Our fossil fuel supplies are limited. Burning garbage might be one kind of energy source that we can use to help meet our energy needs. 我们的化石能源是有限的。燃烧垃圾或许能帮助我们解决能源问题。

(50). Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a healthy life.那种吸烟不可避免的环境，想过健康的生活就非常困难了。

77. In fact, many studies indicate that after a certain point, anyone's productivity and creativity begin to decrease.

78. Schools are bad businesses, whether public or private, not usually because of bad management but because of the nature of the business.

79. There is no basis for arguing that private schools are bound to be better than public schools.

80. The number of students learning Chinese is tiny compared within how many study Spanish or French.

76显然，很多人认为一个人花在工作上的时间越多，他完成的工作就越多。

77事实上，许多研究结果表明在工作到一定程度后，任何人的生产力和创造力都会开始下降。

78学校经营不善，无论是公立学校还是私立学校，原因并不在于管理糟糕，而在于学校经营本身。

79 私立学校一定好于公立学校这一说法并无依据。

80 与学习西班牙语和法语的学生数量相比，学习中文的学生还很少。