山东省成人高等教育学士学位英语考试试题(1)

阅读理解(35分钟 ,40点)

A), B),C)和 D). After you read a passage you should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.

A fire drill(操练) is ,to put it mildly(略微地 , 适度地), an inconvenient(不方便的) exercise at the best of times. A fire drill at 2:00 in the morning in terrible weather conditions, like the one we had on Thursday night and Friday morning last, is incomparably more inconvenient. This is why writing this note to thank you all most sincerely(真诚地)for your excellent co-operation and the spirit with which you endured(忍受 , 忍耐) the inconvenience.(打扰)

A fire drill is not an idle (空闲的 , 懒散的)exercise. It is an extremely (极其 , 非常)serious(严重的 , 严肃的) one and can, in fact, save lives in the long run. Last week’ fire drill has already reyealed a number of important things regarding fire precautions(预防,警惕) in the Hall. For instance(例子), there seem to exit(出口) a number of “deaf (聋 的)spots ” in the Hall, namely(即, 也就是), the two rooms in Purser House and some rooms in the Bottom corridor(走廊). I have no reason to doubt(怀疑, 疑问)that residents (居民)from these areas could not hear the alarm(惊 恐 , 忧虑 , 警报). I shall request an immediate examination of this problem.

I should, also, remind (使想起)you that it is a requirement that fire drills should be regularly(有规律地) carried out(at least two in every one year)and each resident should be made fully aware(知道的 , 意识到的) of this and obliged(强迫, 迫使) to take part. All residents must take fire precautions(预 防 , 警惕) with the seriousness they deserve.( 应受 , 值得).Failure to do so can result bin fines and expulsion(驱逐)from the Hall. Thank you again for your co-operation.

1. The last fire drill caused much more inconvenience (打扰)because_________.

A) it was in bad weather B) there were “deaf spots ”

C) a big fire started D) it was at the weekend

2. The phrase “in the long run ”(L.2,Part.2)means_________.

A)effectively B) endlessly C) eventually(终于, 最后) D) efficiently

3. Some people did not make their appearance(出现 , 来到 , 外观) at the last drill because_______.

A) they were deaf (聋的) B)they could not hear the alarm

C) nobody waked them up D) they refused to leave their rooms

4. Afire drill is extremely(极其, 非常) important according to the writer for_________.

A) it is a good physical exercise B) it cultivates (培养) people ’s endurance(耐久力, 持久力)

C) it is a legal requirement D) it can save lives in case of a fire

5. Which of the following was NOT stated (规定的)by the author?

A) A fire drill is very important and useful.

B) The last fire drill received inactive co-operation from the residents.

C) Those who do not take fire precautions (预防, 警惕)will be fined and driven out.

D) It has been made a rule that fire drills will be performed(行动) regularly.(有规律的)

Passage Two

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage

Accidents(事故, 意外的事) are caused; they don’t just happen. The reason may be easy to see: a shelf(架子) out of reach, a patch (补丁, 小块土地)of ice on the misfortune(不幸,灾祸 , 灾难) —frustration(挫折 , 灰心丧气), tiredness (疲劳的 , 累的)or just bad temper(脾 气)—that show what the accident really is, a sort of attack(进攻, 攻击) on oneself.

Road accidents, for example, happen frequently(经常地 , 屡次地) after a family quarrel(争吵), and we all know people who are accident-prone(有….倾向的), so often at odds(困 难) with themselves and the world that they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others.

By definition(定义, 解说), an accident is something you can not predict(预言, 预告, 预测) or avoid(避免, 回避, 躲开), and the idea which used to be current(当前的 , 通用的), that the majority (多数, 大多数)of road accidents are caused by a minority(少数) of criminally careless(粗心的) drivers, is not supported by insurance(保险, 保险费) statistics(统计, 统计数字). These show that most accidents involve(使卷入 , 牵涉) ordinary (普通的)motorists(开汽车的人) in a moments of carelessness(粗心) or thoughtlessness.(欠考虑的 , 自私的)

It is not always clear, either, what sort of conditions(条件, 状况) make people more likely(可 能的 , 很可能) to have an accident. For instance(例 子 , 实例 , 事例), the law requires(需要, 要求) all factories to take safety precautions and most companies(公司) have safety committees(委员会 , 全体委员) to make sure the regulations (规则 , 规章 , 管理)are observed(观察), but still, every day in Britain, some fifty thousand men and women are injured (伤害, 损害, 损伤)from work due(由于, 应归于) to accidents. These accidents are largely the result of human error (错误, 差错)or misjudgment —noise and fatigue(疲劳, 劳累), boredom(烦恼, 无聊) or worry are possible factors (因素)which contribute(有助于…., 促成) to this.

Doctors who work in factories have found that those who drink too much, usually people who have a high anxiety(焦虑, 忧虑 , 渴望) level, run three times the normal risk (风险, 危险 ,冒险)of accidents at work.

6. The passage suggests that________.

A) Accidents are usually caused by psychological(心理的 , 心理学的) factors.

B) Accidents mostly result(是由….造成的) from slippery(滑的, 使人滑跤的) roads.

C) Drinkers run three times the normal risk of accidents in factories.

D) About 50000people lose their lives at work in Britain every day.

7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned(提到, 说起) as a factor of accidents?

A) Mood.( 心情, 情绪, 语气) B) Tiredness.(疲劳的 , 累的) C) Carelessness (粗 心) D) Weather

8. The word “accidents-prone ”(L.2 Para.2)means________.

A) likely to have accidents B) injured in accidents

C) possible to die in accidents D) responsible(有 责任的 , 负责的 ) for road accidents

9. What can we infer(推论, 推断, 猜想) about the author ’ opinion (意见, 看法)of accidents?

A) Safety precautions(预防, 警惕) are of little use in accidents.

B) Many accidents can and should be avoided.(避免)

C) Factory accidents , unlike (不像, 和….不同)road accidents, are inevitable(不可避免的).

D) Most road accidents are caused by just a few careless(粗心的) drivers.

10. The best title for the passage would be __________.

A) Accidents and Anxiety(焦虑, 忧虑, 渴望)

B) How to Deal with Accidents on Road and in Factories

C) Human Factors in Accidents

D) How to Prevent(防止, 阻止) Accidents on Road and in Factories

Passage Three

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

Is language, like food, a basic human need? Judging from the result of the violent experiment by a German King, Frederick II, in the 13th century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.

All the infants(婴儿) died before the first year. But clearly there was more than language deprivation(剥夺, 丧失) here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering,in the first year of life especially, the capacity(能力, 容量) to survive(幸免于 , 活下来) is seriously affected.

Today no much violent deprivation exists as that by Frederick II. Nevertheless(然而,

仍然), some children are still backward(向后的 , 向后) in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive (不敏感的)to the signals(信号) of the infant, whose brain(脑力, 智能) is programmed to map up language rapidly. There are critical(紧要的, 关键性的) times, it seems, when children learn more readily. If these sensitive(敏感的, 灵敏的) periods are neglected(忽略 , 忽视), the ideal time for acquiring(取得 , 获得, 学到)

language skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again.

Linguists(语言学家)suggest that speech stages(阶段) are reached in a fixed sequence(连 续, 继续) and at a constant(经常的) age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually(终于, 最后) turns out to be of high IQ.

Recent evidence(根据) suggests that an infant is born with the capacity(能力) to speak.

What is special about Man’s brain(脑力, 智能) compared(比较, 对照) with that of the monkey,is the complex (复杂的)system which enables(使能够 , 使可能) a child to connect the sight and feel of , say, a teddy-bear(玩具熊)with the sound pattern (式样)“teddy-bear ”.

But speech has to be stimulated(刺激, 激发), and this depends on interaction (相互作用, 干扰)between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals(信号) in the child ’s babbling(牙牙学语), grasping(贪心的 , 贪婪的), crying, smiling, and responds(响 应) to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls(枯燥的 , 不鲜明的) the interaction because the child gets discouraged (泄气的)and sends out only the obvious signals.

Sensitivity(敏感) to the child ’s non-verbal signals is essential(必要的) to the growth and development language.

11. Frederick II ’s experiment was violent because_________.

A) he wanted to prove children are born with ability to speak

B)he ignored the importance of mothering to the infant

C) he was unkind to the nurse

D) he wanted his nurses to say no mother tongue

12. The reason some children are backward in speaking today that_________.

A) their mothers do not respond to their attempts to speak

B) their mothers are not intelligent(聪明的 , 理智的) enough to help them

C) they do not listen carefully to their mothers

D) their brains have to absorb(吸收) too much language at once.

13. By “critical(紧要的, 关键性的) times ” in Paragraph 3 the author means__________.

A) difficult periods in the child ’s life

B) moments when the child becomes critical to its mother

C) important stages(阶段) in the child ’s development

D) times when mothers often neglect(忽视, 忽略, 疏忽) their children

14. Which of the following in NOT implied in the passage?

A) Ability to learn to speak a language is inborn(天生的 , 天赋的) in man

B) Children do not need to be encouraged to learn to speak

C) Early language starters are not necessarily highly intelligent

D) Most children learn their language in definite(明确的 , 肯定的) stages

15. If the mother does not respond to her child ’s signals_________.

A) the child will never be able to speak properly(适当地 , 彻底地)

B) the child will stop giving out signals

C) the child will invent a language of his own

D) the child will make little effort(努力) to speak

Passage Four

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

Americans who remember “the good old days ” are not alone in complaining (抱怨)about the educational system in this country. Immigrants(移民) complain ,too. Lately a German friend was filled (装满)with anger when he learned that the mathematics(数学) test given to his son on his first day as a college freshman included multiplication and division.

Japanese businessmen in Los Angeles send their children to private schools staffed by teachers imported from Japan to learn mathematics at Japanese levels, generally considered at least a year more advanced than the level here.

But I wonder: If American education is so poor, why is it that this is still the country of innovation(创新)?

When I was 12 in Indonesia, I had to memorize the name of all the world ’s major cities,from Kabul to Karachi. At the same age, my son, who was brought up by a Californian, thought that Buenos Aires was Spanish for good food. However, unlike children of his age in Asia and Europe, my son had studied creative geography. When he was only 6, he drew a map of the route that he traveled to get to school, including the streets, the traffic signs and the houses that he passed.

Dissatisfied American parents forget that in this country their children are able to experiment freely with ideas; without this they will not really be able to think or to believe in themselves.

Critics of American education cannot grasp one thing: freedom. America, I think, is the only country that extends even to children the license to freely speak, write and be creative.

Our public education certainly is not perfect, but it is a great deal better than any other.

I think I have found the answer to my question.

16. From the text we learn that_________.

A) both Americans and immigrants are dissatisfied with the quality of American education

B) the author shares the general idea that American education is worse than education in many other countries

C) Japanese schools in America require their American teachers to teach mathematics at Japanese levels

D) the author ’s German friend was a little displeased because the mathematics test for his son was too easy.

17. Which of the following is NOT true?

A) The author most probably was an immigrant from Asia and received some school education there.

B) Buenos Aires must be the name of a city, as are Kabul and Karachi.

C) Children in other countries are not likely to learn creative geography.

D) The knowledge of geography of the author ’s son shows that American education is poor.

18. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A) If children are not allowed to experiment freely with ideas they won ’t grow up independent and creative.

B) Most Americans think the present American educational system is not as good as it used to be.

C) Private schools run by Japanese businessmen maintain a higher level than American public schools.

D) Americans are more innovative than other people in the world.

19. In the last paragraph the author says, “I have found the answer to my question.”

What is the question?

A) Is Japanese education better than American education?

B) Why do Japanese businessmen send their children to Japanese-staffed schools?

C) Why was my son not taught enough geographic knowledge?

D) Is American education really worse than education in other countries?

20. What would be the best title for this passage?

A) American Education and Education in Foreign countries

B) Improvement Needed for American Education

C) Freedom to Think — Characteristic of American Education

D) Education and Innovation in American

1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. C

11. B 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 16. A 17. D 18. A 19. D 20. C