北京2014年下半年成考本科学位英语统一考试真题及答案

Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)

 Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) 

Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Part III Identification (10%) 

Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Part IV Cloze (10%) 

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Part V Translation (20%)

Section A 

Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.

Section B 

Directions: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.

Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)

Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

Jarden Zinc(锌)Products, a large zinc plant a few miles outside Greeneville, Tennessee, has a special claim. Since 1982, it has been the only supplier of penny blanks for the U.S. Mint (铸币厂). It's a good business for Jarden-since 2000, the company has earned more than $ 800 million. But it may not be a good deal for the U.S.

(76) The value of the penny has been dropping for years. In 2006, it began to cost more than a penny to make a penny. It now costs 2 C to produce a 1 C coin. Many countries have stopped using pennies. Is it time for the U.S. to do the same?

Jarden and the zinc industry are fighting to keep the penny. Since 2006, Jarden has given $1.2 million to Americans for Common Cents (ACC). The group's mission is to keep the penny in use. Mark Weller is ACC's executive director. He argues that there are three main reasons for keeping the penny: Without it, we would become more reliant on the five-cent coin, which also has problems; charities(慈善机构)that depend on penny drives would not be able to raise as much money; and a 2012 survey shows that 67% of Americans want to keep the penny. (77) Many people surveyed said they feared they would end up paying more for products.

Many experts disagree with ACC. They point to the dozens of countries that have gotten rid of their lowest-value coins without raising prices for consumers. And charities don't seem too concerned either.

President Barack Obama says the mint could explore using cheaper metals to make pennies. Steel is less expensive than zinc. Pennies are 97.5% zinc and 2.5% copper. But no matter what it is made of, the penny's days may be numbered. Most in-store purchases are now made with credit cards, not cash. Is it time for a change?

1. what is the main idea of the passage?

本文的主旨是什么?

A.Many countries are trying to reduce the cost of making coins.

许多国家正在试图减少制造硬币的成本。

B.These days a penny made is a penny wasted.

现在造一分钱就是浪费一分钱

C.There is disagreement over whether the U.S. should stop using pennies.

人们对美国是否应该停止使用硬币未达成一致。

D.Many countries have stopped using pennies.

许多国家已经停止使用硬币了。

2. The mission of ACC is to ______.

ACC的使命是为了

A. conduct online surveys做一些在线调查

B.lower the production costs of the penny降低一分硬币的生产成本

C. raise money for charities募集资金用于慈善

D.keep the penny in use保持使用一分硬币

3. The penny coin is mainly made of _____.

一美分的硬币主要是由。。。做的。

A. copper铜 B. steel钢铁 C. iron 铁 D. zinc锌

4. What does the sentence "the penny's days may be numbered时日无多的" in the last paragraph probably mean?最后一段的句子“the penny's days may be numbered”可能是什么意思?

A.The penny may be out of use very soon. 很快一分钱可能会停止使用

B.The value of the penny may rise.一分钱硬币的价值可能会上涨。

C.The penny has a special place in American history.在美国历史上一分硬币有一个特别的地方。

D.The penny is part of American culture.一分硬币是美国文化的一部分。

5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

根据本文的说法，下面哪个说法不是真的?

A.Jarden is the sole supplier of the zinc the U.S. Mint uses to make the penny.

Jarden是美国铸币厂用于做一分硬币唯一的锌提供商

B. The majority of American people are in favor of keeping the penny.

大多数美国人赞同保持一分硬币

C. Many Americans fear that getting rid of the penny would cause prices to rise.

许多美国人担心排除一分硬币可能导致价格上涨。

D. The U.S. Mint now spends 2.4 cents to make a penny.

美国铸币厂现在制造一分的硬币要花2.4美分。

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

Charles Dickens was born in 1812 in Portsmouth, England. He was the second of eight children. His father always had problems with money. When Charles was 12 years old, his father went to prison because he was in debt. Charles had to leave school to help his family. He got a job in a dirty, old factory. Charles Dickens never forgot his difficult childhood. Many of his stories and books were about poor people and their problems.

(78)Later, Charles went back to school for two more years. He left school when he was 15 years old to become a newspaper reporter. In 1836, he began to write The Pickwick Papers. It was published as a series and was a huge success. By age 24, Dickens was a prominent writer in both Great Britain and the United States.

Many people bought his books, but they also paid to hear him read his stories aloud. Because there was no radio or television, people liked to hear famous writers read in public. Dickens read his works like he was acting in a play. He went on very successful reading tours and earned a lot of money.

Dickens was meticulous (过分注意琐事的). Everything had to be just right. When he worked at home, everything had to be in its place. He worked at a desk by a window that always had a vase (花瓶) of flowers and the same ornaments (装饰物) on it. (79)He wrote 2, 000 words a day and he required complete quiet while he wrote. He divided his page into three parts, and on each side he had notes in difficult colors. The main writing was in middle, the story notes were in the right margin, and the chapter notes were in the left margin.

He also cared a lot about his appearance.

6. Charles Dickens' father was put into prison because he .

A.stole money from other people B. refused to pay tax

C. didn't pay for his children's education D. owed money to other people

7. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE ?

A. Dickens loved to travel

B. Dickens' stories were mostly about his own childhood

C. Dickens made a lot of money on his reading tours

D. Dickens left school to write The Pickwick Papers

8. According to the passage, which of the following about Dickens is TRUE ?

A. He was a peaceful person B. He was a quiet writer

C. He worked very hard at school D. He cared a lot about things around him

9. The word "prominent" in the second paragraph means________ .

A. Famous B. Thoughtful C. Careful D. difficult

10. After the last paragraph, the author will most probably discuss Dickens' .

A. Success B. Appearance C. Works D. childhood

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

Computer technology is advancing so fast that old hardware quickly becomes completely obsolete. The electronic waster (e-waste) from this constantly growing field is polluting the environment, both here and abroad.

Computers contain toxic (有毒的) materials such as lead. Despite the danger of throwing these hazardous materials in a landfill (垃圾填埋场), that's exactly where tons of computers end up. Americans reuse or recycle only about 10 percent of the 50 million computers they replace each year, according to ABC News. Eighty percent is being stockpiled (囤积), which could create even bigger problems in the future, and the remaining 10 percent is landfilled. Throwing e-waste in landfills creates a potential for landfills are tougher in the United States than in many other countries, e-waste is often exported, especially to some developing countries.

(80)Some countries are creating policies to deal with the growing e-waste problem. In the Netherlands, you can bring your old computer to the seller when buying a new one, and the seller must by law accept it free of charge. Japan passed a law in 2001 requiring producers to recycle certain parts.

In the united states, a movement called the Computer TakeBack Campaign is demanding that producers take more responsibility for disposing of (处理) old computers, California and Massachusetts recently prohibited certain computer parts in landfills, while Apple and IBM take back computers for about a $30 fee. Gateway is one step ahead: They will pay you $50 for recycling your old computer when you buy a new one from them. Lastly, many nonprofit programs accept used equipment, and services have popped up that distribute old computers to schools and other organizations.

11. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?以下哪项说法是通过最佳标题?

A. The Main Exports of America

美国的主要出口

B. The Computer Take Back Campaign计算机收回运动

C. The Harm of E-waste Treatment 电子废物处理的危害

D. Electronic Waste-a Global Problem电子废物---一个全球性问题

12. What does the word "obsolete" in the first paragraph probably mean?

第一段的obsolete的含义是什么?

A. Fashionable 时髦的, 流行的, 上流社会的

B. Useful 有用的, 有帮手的, 有益的

C. Out of date过时的; 废弃的

D. Out of control不受控制; 失去控制

obsolete(我不舍离它) 过期的|'ɑbsəlɪːt]adj. 荒废的, 陈旧的, 成废物的

13.Americans reuse about______ million computers each year.

美国人每年重新使用大约_______百万的计算机。

A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20

14. According to the passage, American electronic waste is exported to other countries because these countries have_______.根据文章，美国的电子垃圾被出口到其他国家是因为这些国家已经_______。

A. the resources and more space to process the e-waste资源和更多的空间来处理电子废物

B. less strictly enforced environment safety standards不太严格执行环境安全标准

C. a lot of skilled e-waste workers很多熟练的电子垃圾的工人

D. many computer recycling businesses很多电脑回收业务

15. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

根据这篇文章，下面哪个说法是真的?

A. Japan passed a law to address the e-waste problem

日本通过了一项法律，以解决电子垃圾问题

B. Compared with stockpile, landfill is a better and safer method to deal with e-waste

有囤集相比，垃圾填埋场是一个更好，更安全的方法来处理电子垃圾

C. Apple will pay you $50 for recycling your old computer when you buy a new one from them

当你从他们那里买一个新的，苹果公司会支付你50元回收旧电脑

D. Old computers are safe to the environment even when improperly disposed of

即使处置不当的时候，旧电脑对于环境是安全的

Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)

Directions:

In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.在这部分有30个不完整的句子。对于每一个句子有四种选择标有A ，B ，C和D.选择一个最佳答案完成句子。然后在答题纸上涂黑相应的字母。

16. The fried fish we ate at the restaurant yesterday is delicious. I'd like to have it again even if it costs____.昨天我们在餐馆里吃的炸鱼很好吃。我想再吃一次即使它花费两倍的价格。

A.as twice much B. twice as much C. much as twice D. as much twice

比较结构，修饰语往往放在more，less或者as之前。

17. ____too much to do, they have to keep themselves busy all day long.因为要做的事儿多，他们不得不整天都忙活。

A. Having B. Have C. Had D. Being

现在分词，表示由于有

18. Air pollution, together with overpopulation, ____ many problems in big cities.大城市里大气污染和人口过剩一起正造成了许多问题。

A. are causing B. is causing C. are caused D. is caused

主谓一致：together with overpopulation，直接看前面的主语为单数，且句意不用被动语态

19. She has no idea of what the book is about. She ____ have read it carefully.她不知道这本书是关于什么的。她____已经仔细阅读。

A.mustn’t B.can't C.shouldn't D.needn't

mustn’t一般是错的。

20. ____ from space, our earth, with water covering 70% of its surface, appears as a "blue planet".如果从太空看，70 %的表面为水覆盖的我们的地球，显示为“蓝色星球” 。

A. Seeing B. To be seen C. Seen D. Having seen

过去分词表示被动，

21. The mere fact____ most people believe a nuclear war would be mad does not mean that it will not occur.大多数人认为核战争是疯狂的这一事实并不意味着它不会发生。

A. what B. which C. that D. why

同位语从句：that

22. It was____ he had made such great contributions to world peace that he won the Nobel Prize for Peace.正是因为他对世界和平有如此巨大的贡献使他获得了诺贝尔和平奖。

A.that B.because C.how D.why

强调句型：强调表示原因的状语从句。

23. If it ____tomorrow, we won't go for a picnic.如果明天下雨，我们将不能去野炊了。

A. Will rain B. should rain C. rains D. rained

动词时态考点：从句用一般现在时表示将来。

24. The number of members in the club____ to two hundred.俱乐部会员的数量被限制在200人。

A. were limited B. limits C. was limited D. limited

被动语态和主谓一致单数：was limited

25. There are many fashion shops and expensive restaurants on ____ sides of the street.大街的两侧有许多时尚商店和昂贵的餐厅。

A. all B, each C, both D.every

代词考点：both

26. I went to____ London yesterday and saw ____strange old man and a little girl, begging by the roadside.我昨天去伦敦，看到一个奇怪的老年人和一个小女孩，在路边乞讨。

A./;a B.a;/ C./;the D.the;/

冠词考点：

27. John, let's take a taxi,_____?约翰，我们打车吧，好吗?

A. Will you B. Shall we C. would you D. should we

反义疑问句：let us，shall we。

28. Of all the girls in the class Jane studies the____ .班上所有的女孩当中，简学习最刻苦。

A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly

形容词最高级：hardest

29. Do you know the girl____father died in a car accident last week?你认识那个女孩吗?她的父亲上周在一场车祸中死了。

A.who B.that C.whom D.whose

定语从句引导词：定语从句中做定语：whose

30. When the violinist finished his performance, the audience stood up and ____for five minutes.

当小提琴家完成了他的表演，观众站起来鼓掌五分钟。

A.acted B.clapped C.backed D.closed

动词辨析：鼓掌：clapped

31. She doesn't want to listen to you now; she has something urgent to____.现在她不想听你的;她有急事要处理。

A. talk with B. laugh at 嘲笑 C. cope with D. warm up 热身; 变暖; 重新煮热

动词短语：处理：cope with

32. I can't find my keys! Can you help me ____ them?我钥匙不见了。你能帮我找找吗?

A. dream about梦想 B. look for C. see through 看穿，识破 D. speak of

动词短语考点：寻找look for

33. A: ____ Madam, Is there a post office near here?女士，这附近有邮局吗?

B: Keep on going ahead. Turn right at the first crossroads. Then you'll find one there.

继续前行，第一个十字路口右转。然后，你会发现在那儿有个邮局。

A. Sorry B. You are welcome 不用谢; 别客气

C. Excuse me 劳驾，对不起 D. Thanks a lot

打招呼的用语：交际用语，比较简单的句子。

34. The American couple have____ a two-year-old child, who lost his parents in an earthquake.

这对美国夫妇已经收养了一个两岁的孩子。在地震灾难中，这个孩子失去了父母。

A. adjusted 调节，适应 B. afforded 给予，提供 C. approved D. adopted

动词辨析：“收养，采纳”不涉及同形词辨析：比如adapted改编的含义

35. You should be ____ of yourself, telling lies at your age.你应该为自己感到羞愧，说假话，在你的年龄。

A. ashamed B. accurate 精确的 C. adequate足够的 D.attractive吸引人的

形容词辨析：羞愧

36. No sooner had he sat down to lunch____there was a knock at the door.刚一坐下来吃午餐，就有人敲门。

A. when B. that C. as D. than

固定结构：No sooner。。。than。。。Hardly。。。 when。。。

37. This kind of computer is____handling all kinds of information.这种电脑有能力去处理各种各样的信息。

A. capable to B. able to C. capable of 有能力的 D. able of

介词+ving形式：直接选择be capable of doing sth。

38. Please sit down and make yourself____.请坐，随便一点，请不要拘束。

A. in the room B. fine C. easy D. at home

固定搭配：make oneself at home不要拘束

39. He offered to____her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry.他帮助了拎了箱子，她因为这个箱子对她来讲太重了。

A.borrow B.help C.lend D.show

动词考点：lend sb a hand lend a hand 帮助

40. Don't let the child play with scissors ____he cuts himself.不要让这个小孩玩剪子以免弄伤他自己。

A. in case B. so that 以便 C. now that D. only if只有

连次考点：以免

41. Let me give you a ____ of how the computer works.让我演示一下计算机是如何工作的。

A. demonstration示范; B. difference C. deduction 减除; 减除额; 扣除 D. Distinction区别，差别

名词辨析：记住demo。

42. ________ the rain, we would have had a pleasant trip to the countryside.要不是下雨，我们本可以有一个快乐的农村之旅的。

A. Because of B. Due to因为, 由于 C. Thanks to幸亏; 由于 D. But for要不是

虚拟语气：根据句意，或者直接排除法做题。ABC含义一样

43. The textbook is for the ____ students, not for the beginners.这本教材是为高级学生编写的，不是给初学者的。

A. foreign B. blind C. advanced D. deaf

形容词考点，平行结构和beginners构成对比关系

44. By the end of next month he ____ everything in school.在下个月的月底，他在学校将已经完成一切。

A. will finish B. would have finished C. finishes D. will have finished

时态考点：将来完成时

45. Sam: I don't drink coffee at all.我不喝咖啡的。

Frank:____ .我也不

A. So don't I B. I do either C. Nor I do D. Neither do I

否定倒装

Part III Identification (10%)

Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

46. [Should] she [come] tomorrow, I [will] take her [to the museum].

ABCD

虚拟语气考点，would+动词原形

47. [Only] in [this] way [we can] wipe [out] the enemy troops.

ABCD

Only+副词，引导倒装结构

48. [In fact] I [would rather] leave [for] San Francisco than [staying] in Los Angeles.

ABCD

并列结构：stay动词原形

49. [Next weekend] he [will] visit the airport [which] he [worked] 30 years ago.

ABCD

定语从句：where

50. [Since] it's raining [hard] now we [had better] to put off our sports meet [till next week].

ABCD

had better不能加不定式用法，用will have

51. Though Jane [tried] [her best] this time, [but] she still failed [in] the math exam.

ABCD

英语中，虽然和但是不能两个都用。去掉but

52. [The next morning] the first thing [my brother and me] [did] was to go out [for a walk] in the forest.

ABCD

代词错误：不能用宾格me，my brother and I才正确

53. [The little boy] runs [very faster] than [most] of his classmates [in the school].

ABCD

比较级修饰语：不用very修饰，而用much faster

54. She [liked] her job [as] a waitress [because] she enjoyed [to meet people].

ABCD

Enjoy的用法：加ving形式。meeting people。

55. There [are] many children [and] adults [whom] behavior[is] generally unacceptable.

ABCD

定语从句的用法：whose可以在从句中做定语。

Part IV Cloze (10%)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

I have a friend who put her career on hold after she got married and had children. She stayed at home until the oldest was four years old, 56 she began doing part-time jobs to get out of the house. That wasn't enough, so she took a full-time job, which 57 her to travel. She was making more money than her husband, even 58 four years off the market. Her in-laws, who believe a woman's only function is housekeeping, 59 to her husband with their negative opinions. Emotionally torn (受折磨的), he wanted to 60 his wife but was conditioned by loyalty (忠诚) to his parents' ideals. Naturally, his wife also felt 61,eager to pursue her vision but emotionally invested in her husband and family.

I 62 her to go with her vision, because it's her life. Too many women give up their career dreams to 63 a relationship. That's traditional, but it can 64 you crazy. And some dreams, if you don't pursue them in time, will pass you 65 . When you're finally free to go 66 them, you've 67 the window of opportunity. After further discussion, her husband went along, 68 he valued the relationship as much as she did.

Conversely (相反地) , a former student, whose husband felt 69 by her earning more money than he did, ended her 70 consulting practice and gave up a six-figure income. To 71 conflict in her relationship, she abandoned her passion. Maybe she should have abandoned her husband's 72 thinking and surrounded herself instead with people who believed in her.

A relationship must be mutually 73, and any genuine relationship will adjust to change. When you recognize that a relationship is putting out your fire, ask yourself 74 you should gracefully go away and realize your dreams. Communicate how much your vision means to you, do it in a relationship-friendly 75 , and the people in your life will surprise you.

56A. what B. where C. which D. when

57A. requested B. aroused C. required D. provided

58A.beside B.after C.beyond D.before

59A. complained B. governed C. quarreled D. sympathized

60A. separate B. guarantee C. support D. oppose

61A. relieved B. confirmed C. resolved D. conflicted

62A. objected B. encouraged C. perceived D. released

63A.protect B.destroy C.provide D.resemble

64A. do B. drive C. look D. find

65A.in B.out C.by D.off

66A.among B.through C.before D.after

67A.missed B.acquired C.received D.forgot

68A.although B.while C.because D.however

69A. conquered B. threatened C. transformed D. assured

70A. successful B. thoughtful C. revolutionary D. primitive

71A. explore B. defeat C. approach D. avoid

72A. enforced B. limited C. ventured D. extended

73A. logical B. successive C. beneficial D. synthetic

74A. whether B. where C. how D. which

75A.path B.route C.road D.way

Part V Translation (20%)

Section A

Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.

76. The value of the penny has been dropping for years.

一便士的价值多年以来一直在下降。

76.一便士/一美分的价值已经连续多年呈现下降的趋势。

77. Many people surveyed said they feared they would end up paying more for products.

许多接受调查的人说，他们担心最后要付更多的钱去购买这些产品。

77.很多接受调查的人担心一便士的废除会导致他们购买商品上最终会被提价。

78. Later, Charles went back to school for two more years.

随后，查尔斯返回了学校又呆了两年时间。

78.之后，狄更斯又返回学校就读了两年。

79. He wrote 2, 000 words a day and he required complete quiet while he wrote.

他每天写2000词，当写作的时候，他要求绝对的安静。

79.他每天创作两千字左右，在写作时要求周边要绝对的安静。

80. Some countries are creating policies to deal with the growing e-waste problem.

一些国家正在制定一些政策来处理这些越来越多的电子垃圾问题。

80.有一些国家正在针对电子产品的垃圾问题制定相关法律政策。

Section B

Directions: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.

81.这些人急需食物和水。These people are desperate for food and water.

81. These people are in great need of food and water.

82.我相信你是班上最棒的。I am convinced that you are the best in the class.

82. I believe that you are the best in the class.

83.玛丽一回来，我就会把信给她的。I will give the letter to Mary as soon as she comes back.

83. As soon as Mary comes back, I will give the letter to her.

84.众所周知，吸烟有害健康。It is known to us all that smoking is harmful to your health.

84. As is well-known, smoking does harm to health.

85.在你考虑之后，请告诉我你的决定。After your consideration, please tell me your decision.

85. Please tell me your decision after you consider it well.

参考答案：

1-5CDDAD 6-10DCDAB 11-15BCABA

16--20BABBC 21-25CBCCC26-30ABCDB 31-35CBCDA

36--40DCDCA 41-46ADCDD

46 -- 50 CCDCC51 52-- 55CBBDC

56-- 60 DCBAC 61-- 65 DBABC 66-- 70 DACBA71--DBCAD

81.一便士、一美分的价值已经连续多年呈现下降的趋势。

82.很多接受调查的人担心一便士的废除会导致他们购买商品上最终会被提价。

83.之后，狄更斯又返回学校就读了两年。

84.他每天创作两千字左右，在写作时要求周边要绝对的安静。

85.有一些国家正在针对电子产品的垃圾问题制定相关法律政策。

81. These people are in great need of food and water.

82. I believe that you are the best in the class.

83. As soon as Mary comes back, I will give the letter to her.

84. As is well-known, smoking does harm to health.

85. Please tell me your decision after you consider it well.