2013年5月北京成考本科学士学位英语统一考试真题及答案

责编：唐丹平 2020-06-01

Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)

Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

Is that 6 a.m. workout getting in the way of good sleep? Don’t think your fat cells won't notice. A new study published in The Annals of Internal Medicine (a medical journal) finds that inadequate shut-eye has a harmful effect on fat calls, reducing their ability to respond to insulin (胰岛素) by about 30 percent. Over the long-term，this decreased response could set-the stage for type-2 diabetes (a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver disease and weight gain.

The study adds to a growing body of evidence that there’s“an intimate relationship between the amount of sleep we get and our ability to maintain a good，healthy body weight”says sleep expert Helene Emsellem，director of the Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase，Maryland. (76) But Americans don’t seem to be getting the message that we need seven to nine hours per night. More than 1 in 5 of us，according to a report form the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention，is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night，on average.

So how did researchers study fat cells in the Annals paper? Matthew Brady of the University of Chicago and a group of colleagues selected and persuaded seven volunteers to take part in the research project. They were all young，thin and healthy and agreed to sleep for eight nights in a sleep lab. “For four nights they were allowed to stay in bed for 8.5 hours a night，” says Brady. Then ，a month later，they came back for four additional nights—but this time they were allowed just 4.5 hours of sleep per night. And after each visit，researchers got a sample of their fat.(77) Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the loss of sleep. “I was very surprised to be honest，”he says.

Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive to insulin. “Fat cells are actually your friend，”he says.“They’re there to store lipids(血脂).”When lipids stay inside the cells，your body can utilize the fat when you’re exercising or sleeping or going about your day.“However，when fat cells start to become insulin resistant，the lipids start to leach out of the fat cells and rise in the bloodstream，” Brady says.

1. According to the passage，lack of the sleep for a long while can probably lead to all of the following EXCEPT______. 第一段最后一句

A. heart disease B. weight gain C. diabetes D. liver disease

2. The main idea of the third paragraph is______. 第一句

A. how to write a medical research paper B. how to avoid sleep loss

C. how the research was conducted D. how to conduct a medical experiment

3. What does the word “leach” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A. Leap B. Lead. C. Lead. D. Leak. 泄露

4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A. We will be in trouble if our fat cells become less responsive to insulin.

B. More and more studies are done to study the link between sleep and weight.

C. More than 20% of Americans are net getting enough sleep.

D. Fat cells are there to help us maintain a good health.

5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?

A. Poor Sleep May Lead to Too Much Stored Fat and Disease

B. Sleep Experts Had Exciting Findings in a Fat Study

C. Americans Should Have More Than Six Hours of Sleep

D. Bad Things Happen if Fat Cells Become Our Friend

这篇短文讲睡眠的重要性，不足的睡眠会引起种种不良的后果。

76句的翻译是：但是美国人似乎仍不明白：我们每晚需要7至9小时的睡眠。

77句的翻译是：布莱德解释说：脂肪细胞对睡眠的减少会产生强烈的反应。

1至5题的答案是：ACDDB

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often falls to -30℉ and the sun never rises. The ocean is surrounded by frozen ground. There are few people or trees, but to polar bears, the Arctic (北极) is home.

(78) Polar bears have thick fur，big paws and other features that make them well prepared for life in their tough environment. In fact，they need the Arctic sea ice for survival. But climate change is causing larger and larger areas of summer sea ice to melt (融化). Experts say that if warming patterns continue，the Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050.They may cause two-thirds of the world’s 20,000 polar bears to be gone by then too.

Polar bears can’t survive for long on land. Seals are their main source of food. The only place where polar bears can hunt seals is on the ice.(79) Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift seals in the water. A polar bear has brilliantly clever strategies to overcome this disadvantage. In winter the bear waits motionless beside a seal’s breathing hole，which is a narrow tunnel through the ice. Often many hours pass before the seal comes up for air and the bear kills it with a powerful blow of its paw. In summer, the polar bears that live on land eat very little and wait for the sea ice to return.

With the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier，polar bears do not have enough opportunity to hunt and eat. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs(大片浮冰)，and they can’t always make it. The ice is also getting thinner. These conditions can cause polar-bear cubs to become separated form their mothers, who provide them with food.

Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist of Polar Bears International. The group aims to save the bears and their home. “The more people who see polar bears and understand their difficult situation, the better the chance we’ll alter our warming path in time to save them,” he says.

6. Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Climate Change in the Arctic B. How to' Protect the Environment

C. The Arctic Is Home to Polar Bears D. Polar Bears in Danger

7. Where do polar bears usually hunt seals?

A. On land. B. In open watar.

C. In openings in the sea ice. D. At the bottom of the sea.

8. The word “cubs” in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to______.

A. adults B. babies C. hunters D. enemies

9. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Starving polar bears are increasingly coming into villages, where they may be

killed either for food or safety.

B. Polar bears can spend their entire lives on land if the sea ice melts completely.

C. Two-thirds of the world’s polar bears may disappear by 2050 as global warming continues.

D. The growing distance between ice packs is not a problem for polar bears, because they are excellent swimmers.

10. What’s the mission of Polar Bears International?

A. Saving energy. B. Conducting scientific research.

C. Seeking international cooperation. D. Saving polar bears and their home.

这篇短文讲地球变暖使北极熊处境危险。

78句的翻译是：北极熊有厚密的皮毛、宽大的脚掌以及其他特征，这些特征使他们能够适应艰苦的环境。

79句的翻译是：尽管北极熊是游泳健将，在水中，他们也无法与快速的敏捷的海豹匹敌。

6至10题的答案是：DCBCD

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

Imagine a school that expected its students to become literate (有读写能力的)without any formal instruction. Most parents would be alarmed by such an approach，which would leave their children confused and with gaps in their understanding. This however has been the philosophy on character development in many of our schools. Why is the development of character seen as somehow different from the other skills that we teach?

Of course there will always be learning by osmosis(耳濡目染) in any school, but as a teacher and primary school head I have found that a child’s moral literacy is strengthened when they acquire the building blocks of good character such as consideration, courage and honor: qualities which are commonly known as virtue(美德).

I personally find that exploring a virtue over a two-week period provides a simple and effective program that allows for the creative input of both teacher and student and a chance for the virtue to embed(使融入) itself. Once a lesson on a virtue such as honesty has been completed we need to allow time for children to practice this concept just as would be the case with fractions or verbs. Allowing children to role play a situation such as making up excuses to cover a mistake can be enormously interesting, and the drama can be frozen allowing the characters to be questioned about their feelings and motives. (80) It's also a safe way for children to experience for themselves how a lie usually goes out of control.

Our role as educators is also to look for opportunities to help our students as they attempt to strengthen their characters. When something goes wrong we guide the young person to the virtue that will prevent it from happening again. For instance, when a student thoughtlessly disturbs the calm atmosphere of the library, instead of a response such as,” that was really disrespectful and selfish of you! ” we draw out from them the required virtue: “ When you’re walking through the library, what virtues do you need to use ? ”

11. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?

A. Teaching morals and values has been a frequently discussed topic in the past few years.'

B. The author and his staff embed virtues into lessons and school life to encourage character development in children.

C. Kids throughout the population face the same needs, the same challenges, and the same realities in their lives.

D. Role plays are an excellent way of getting students to practice their English.

12. We can infer from the first peragraph that_____.

A. there tends to be disagreement about what character education is

B. most parents are not satisfied with the teaching methods adopted in schools

C. the approach to character education is generally considered different from the approaches to other skills

D. more and more schools are adopting strategies to improve school attendance

13. The word “philosophy” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_____.

A. study B. subject C. viewpoint D. investigation

14. The author is a_____.

A. teacher B librarian C. reporter D manager

15. Which of the following is NOT mentionad in the passage as a way to build character in children?

A. Story readings and discussions, B. Osmosis.

C. Taking every opportunity to teach character. D.Role play.

这篇短文讲美德与学生发展之间的关系。

80句的翻译是：让孩子们亲身经历，看到一个谎言是如何失控的，也不失为一种安全的教育方法。

11至15题的答案是：BCCAA

Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (30%)

Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

16. So much_____about his ships on the sea that he didn't sleep for a single minute all night.

A. did he worry B. he did worry C. he worried D. worried he

选择A. did he worry 倒装句

17. His new novel is said_____into a film last year.

A. to make B. to have made

C. to be made D. to have been made

选择D. to have been made 动词不定式的被动完成式

18. He tried several times to pass the exam. _____the end, he succeeded.

A. On B. In C. At D. By

选择B.In 固定搭配

19. The report of an earthquake (地震) in the South China Sea has not been _____yet.

A. conflicted B. confused C. confined D. confirmed

选择D. confirmed

20. The clouds ere gathering. We'd better hurry and _____the department store in case it rains.

A. hand in 交上 B. face up to勇敢面对 C. head for出发动身 D. back up支持，倒退

选择C. head for

21. There is only one boat_____for hire. I'm afraid you have to wait for the next one.

A. superior B. capable C. complicated D. available

选择D. available

22. I think fishing is a nice hobby but needs a good deal of _____.

A. relation B. limitation C. strength D. patience

选择D. patience

23. Finally we made a _____that I should cook dinner and she would wash up after.

A. trip B. bargain C. face D. fool

选择B. bargain

24.The old man was found_____on the floor.

A. lying dead B. lying death C. laying dead D. laying death

选择 A. lying dead 现在分词用法

25. If one_____ a crime, he will be punished.

A. makes B. commits C. performs D. achieves

选择B. commits 固定搭配

26. If you insist on doing that, please take me into_____.

A. think B. thinking C. thought D. consideration

选择D.consideration 固定搭配

27. The letters PTA_____parect-teacher association.

A. stand for B. call for C. reach for D. care for

选择A. stand for 代表，代替，象征

28. On_____side of the street were standing young boys and girls to welcome the President.

A. both B. two C. either D. every

选择C.either

29. Hospital doctors don't go out very often as their work_____all their time.

A. takes away取走 B. takes in 接收 C. takes over 接管 D. takes up

选择D.takes up 占用

30. The_____of blood always makes him sick.

A. sight B. view C. look D. form

选择A. sight 景象

31. She sent her application to the university last week,but___any response up to now.

A. didn’t receive B. weren’t receiving

C. hadn’t received D. hasn’t received

选择D. hasn't received 现在完成时用法

32. _____by the teacher in class, John felt quite depressed and kept silent the whole evening.

A. Criticizing B. To criticize C. Criticized D. Having criticized

选择C. Criticized 过去分词

33. I'd play football with you now if I_____ ten years younger.

A. am B. be C. had been D. were

选择D. were 虚拟语气

34. All the books, _____had some pictures in them, were sent to the little girl.

A. which B. that C. who D. whose

选择A. which 非限定性定语从句

35. It is known that_____Galileo invented _____telescope.

A. the…the B. /…the C. a…/ D. the…a

选择B./...the 冠词的用法

36.The silk produced in Hangzhou feels extremely_____.

A. soft B. softly C. softness D. softy

选择A. soft 系动词后面的表语问题

37. Not a single mistake_____in the test.

A. he made B. did he make C. he has made D. made he

选择B. did he make 倒装句

38. Would you mind_____a photo of you?

A. me take B. to take C. my taking D. me to take

选择C. my taking 固定搭配

39. The lady treats the boy next door well as if he_____ her own son.

A. is B. was C. were D. would be

选择C. were 虚拟语气

40. The city _____I was born is on the new railway line.

A. which B. that C. on which D. where

选择D. where 定语从句

41. It_____yesterday, for the ground is still wet now.

A. must have rained B. was raining C. rained D. had rained

选择A. must have rained 虚拟语气，肯定的猜测

42. If Professor Jones arrives tomorrow, either you or I__to meet him at the airport.

A. are B. is C. am D. were

选择C. am 紧跟最后的那个

43. ____with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesn't seem high at all

A. When compared B. Compare

C. While comparing D. Comparing

选择A. When compared 过去分词

44. On this special occasion I'd like to express my____wishes for your future happiness.

A. obvious B. sincere C. hopeful D. honest

选择 C. hopeful

45. He doesn't spend much time_______ his homework.

A. in B. with C. on D. for

选择C. on spend的用法

Part III Identification (10%)

Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

46 He is such strong a man that he can lift stones like this one.

A B C D

选择A 应该改为so

47. It was until after his death that he was recognized as a great composer.

: A B C D

选择A 多了一个until

48.Get to the top of the hill，but you will see the whole city.

A B C D

选择C 不是转折关系

49. Is that the reason because you are in favor of the proposal?

A B C D

选择C 修改为why

50. There was so much noise in the room that I could hardly hear myself to think.

A B C D

选择D think

51.When Daddy will come back，I am going to tell him everything about your poor

A B C

performance at school.

选择A 一般现在时表将来

52. Some people like to eat apples, but others prefer bananas for apples.

A B C D

选择D 修改为to

53.Most tree frogs change colors from time to time to fit in with its environment.

A B C D

选择D their

54. As a slow student, Jane hasn't finished her test in time, is she?

A B C D

选择D has she

55. There are only two things worth to read in this newspaper---the TV

A B C

listings and the sports page.

选择B reading

Part IV Cloze (10%)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Life as a woman in the colonial (殖民的) America seems quite different from it is today. Women were considered inferior to men, a fact 56 in tradition, law, and religion. Their place was in the home, 57 they were to serve as devoted wives and mothers. They were therefore considered unfit to operate 58 political beings and unable to 59 the benefits of citizenship given to men. Very few women 60 a college education, secured a well-paid job, or pursued a fruitful career. Other than marrying well, they could do 61 to improve their economic status.

56. A. rooted B. rooting C. caused D. causing

57. A. that B. which C. when D. where

58. A. for B. as C. in D. along

59. A. view B. start C. enjoy D. spread

60. A. trained B. designed C. acquired D. studied

61. A. fewer B. few C. less D. little

62 their secondary status, women 63 play a central role in developing, civilizing, and advancing the nation long before the United States gained its independence 64 Great Britain. During the colonial period, they made great contributions to family and community. They worked alongside their husbands 65 family survival demanded that chores (杂事) be shared by all. Women helped to sow, plant, and harvest crops. They 66 pigs and chickens, planted gardens and milked cows. This need for shared male and female labor 67 a constant theme (主题)as families moved to the frontier, where all family members' having to work 68 essential.

62. A. In spite of B. In place of C. Instead of D. In need of

63. A. do B. did C. were D. was

64. A. for B. with C. to D. from

65. A. since B. before C. although D. while

66. A. raised B. rose C. arose D. aroused

67. A. hesitated B. sacrificed C. remained D. changed

68. A. improved B. proved C. swelled D. founded

69 scholars still debate the nature of white women's standing during the colonial period, many of them admit that colonial women 70 some standing in their families and communities 71 their contributions were so essential. A woman might 72 chores in the home but also assist her husband in 73 a newspaper or a store. But this cooperative(合作的)approach did not translate into 74 rights for women; instead, it 75 the realities and uncertainties of colonial life.

69. A. After B. Since C. Although D. Because

70. A. switched B. balanced C. spared D. achieved

71. A. because B. before C. although D. while

72. A. thrive B. perform C. supply D. process

73. A. reading B. requiring C. buying D. running

74. A. loyal B. equal C. upright D. proud

75. A. recalls B. finds C. reflects D. regrets

Part V Translation (20%)

Section A

Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.

76. But Americans don’t seem to be getting the message that we need seven to nine hours per night.

翻译: 但是美国人似乎仍不明白：我们每晚需要7至9小时的睡眠。

77. Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the loss of sleep.

翻译: 布莱德解释说：脂肪细胞对睡眠的减少会产生强烈的反应。

78. Polar bears have thick fur，big paws and other features that make them well

prepared for life in their tough environment.

翻译: 北极熊有厚密的皮毛、宽大的脚掌以及其他特征，这些特征使他们能够适应艰苦的环境。

79. Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift seals in the water.

翻译: 尽管北极熊是游泳健将，在水中，他们也无法与快速的敏捷的海豹匹敌。

80. It's also a safe way for children to experience for themselves how a lie usually goes out of control.

翻译: 让孩子们亲身经历，看到一个谎言是如何失控的，也不失为一种安全的教育方法。

SectionB