2012年5月北京地区成考本科学士学位英语统一考试真题及答案

责编：唐丹平 2020-06-01

Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)

Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

The most famous collections of fairy tales (童话) are the ones by Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm. The Grimms published their first fairy-tale collection in 1812. They didn’t think they were writing for children. They thought they were preserving disappearing German folk culture. Their first edition (版本) was a scholarly book that carefully recorded the oral tales. They were surprised when some of their early readers suggested that the stories might be interesting to children.

But the Grimms needed money. They had made a bad deal with their publisher and received little payment for their first book. At one point Wilhelm complained there wasn’t a chair in his house one could sit on without worrying it would break. So he took the hint and set to work to make a book that would be suitable for children. He selected a few of the tales, made them much longer, and polished up the language. He didn’t add morals, but he did slip in character judgments and moralizing comments wherever he could.

The Grimms’ fairy tales also have one characteristic that would seem to make them unsuitable for children. Many of them include violent incidents. In “Hansel and Gretel” an old woman is burned to death in an oven, and in “Little Red Riding Hood” a child is eaten by a wolf. When he revised the tales for children, Wilhelm Grimm retained the violence. In fact, he sometimes even ramped it up. For example, in the first edition of the tales, Cinderella forgives her sisters at the end. It’s only in the second edition, the one intended for children, that her birds peck (啄) out their eyes.

Why, then, have the Grimms’ fairy tales become classics of children’s literature, so much so that it is hard to imagine a child who doesn’t know Cinderella’s story or Snow White’s?

One answer is that only a few of the tales survived into modem times. The first edition of the Grimms’ fairy tales had 210 tales. By 1825 it was down to 50. And today only a dozen or so of the tales are often reprinted in children’s collections.

(76) But the deeper answer is that the tales that have lasted are magical adventures that help children deal with the struggles and fears of their everyday lives.

1. Why did Wilhelm Grimm set out to adapt his book for children?

A. To deal with readers’ complaints.

B. To improve his financial situation.

C. At the request of his publisher.

D. To preserve the ancient stories in print.

2. When revising the fairy tales, Wilhelm did all of the following EXCEPT .

A. adding character judgments B. making the tales much longer

C. deleting the violent scenes D. polishing up the language

3. What does the expression “ramped it up” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Started. B. Allowed. C. Classified. D. Increased.

4. Which of the following statements about the Grimms’ fairy tales is TRUE

according to the passage?

A. They were originally intended to be children’s stories.

B. Generally speaking, the tales that have endured can help children deal with the

challenges life brings to them.

C. A large number of the tales made it to the modem age.

D. They are less violent than the children’s stories being written today.

5. What is the passage mainly concerned with?

A. History of fairy tales.

B. Ways to preserve the oral tradition.

C. The Grimms’ fairy tales.

D. Violence in fairy tales.

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

. As the school year kicks off, parents are once again straggling to cajole (哄编)and, if need be, drag their exhausted teens out of bed. That image may make you laugh, but lack of sleep is no joke. (77) Teenagers who don’t get enough rest have more learning. health~ behavior and mood problems than students who get at least nine hours a night. Long-term lack of sleep is tied to heart disease, overweight, depression and a shortened life span in adults, indicating the importance of establishing good sleep habits early in life. Lack of sleep can be especially deadly for teens; car accidents are the leading cause of death among teenagers, and safety experts believe sleepy driving is a major factor.

Unfortunately, few teenagers get the sleep they need. In a survey of middle- and high-school students, University of Colorado researchers found that 82 percent said they woke up tired and unrefreshed, and more than half had trouble concentrating during the day at least once a week.

Blame multitasking for some of this. Many students are juggling after-school

activities, homework and part-time jobs. Even when they manage to fulfill these obligations by a reasonable hour, television, the Internet, video games, phone calls and text messages to friends often keep them awake deep into the night. Taking soda and energy drinks late in the day and going to late-night parties on weekends add to sleep debt. Biology also works against teenagers’ sleep, The body’s internal clock, which controls when a person starts to feel tired, shifts after puberty (青春期), making it hard for most teens to fall asleep before 11 pm. Class usually begins before 8:15 am, with many high schools starting as early as 7:15 am. To get to school on time, most teens have to get up by 6:30 am, guaranteeing they’ll be sleep-deprived during the week. Teens often sleep much later on weekends to catch up, making it even harder to fall asleep on Sunday night and wake up Monday morning. Playing catch-up on weekends also doesn’t help teens stay refreshed when they need it most: during the week at school.

Since the 1990s, middle and high schools in more than two dozen states have experimented with later school start times. (78) The results have been encouraging.’ more sleep, increased attendance, better grades and fewer driving accidents. But most schools still start early, meaning teens have their work cut out for them if they want to get enough sleep.

6. According to the passage, poor sleep can be linked to all of the following EXCEPT

A. heart disease B. car accidents

C. skin problems D. poor concentration

7. The main idea of Paragraph 3 is

A. how sleep deprivation (缺乏) can be treated

B’ what causes sleep deprivation

C. who is most at risk for sleep deprivation

D. why sleep deprivation is a serious concern

8. What does the word “juggling” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Dealing with at the same time. B. Striking a balance between.

C. Applying for. D. Having difficulty in.

9. Which of the following is NOT to blame for teenagers’ lack of sleep?

A. Multitasking. B. Biological clock. :

C. Weekend catch-up sleep. D. Healthy diet.

10. According to the passage, what have some schools done to help their students get enough sleep?

A. Educating their students about the importance of sleep.

B. Monitoring their students’ late-night activities.

C. Delaying school start times.

D. Setting strict rules.

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

As any middle-class parent knows, unpaid work experience can give youngsters a valuable introduction to a secure job. The government has recognized it too, abandoning rules in 2011 that had formerly stopped 16- to 24-year-o!ds from doing unpaid work while claiming unemployment benefit. But moving from that to forcing them to work without pay in order to collect these benefits has proved a big step.

(79) More than one million young people in Britain are unemployed, the highest number since the mid-1980s. Keen both to cut the welfare bill and to avoid the depressed future wages that may result from early unemployment, the government has introduced an ambitious program of reform to get youngsters off welfare and into work. A key part of it is ensuring that no one gets benefit from the government for long; ministers are keen to avoid what happened after the early- 1980s recession (~/l/), when unemployment continued in some parts of the country for a long time after the economy began to improve.

To help young people into work, ministers had persuaded lots of employers, including bakery chains, bookshops, and supermarkets, to take on unemployed youths, who receive work experience but no pay, with the prospect of a proper job for those who shine. (80) Some 35,000 youngsters participated last year; half found paid work soon after finishing the scheme.

The idea of getting young adults used to showing up for work is popular with voters: according to a survey published in February, about 60% of people support the program. Equally attractive was the option of compelling them to work: Under the existing arrangements youngsters could choose whether or not to accept a place, but if they dropped out after the end of the first week, they stood to lose up to two weeks’ benefits.

Yet the scheme has also polarized (两极分化的) opinion: a third of people are consistently opposed. Following a noisy “Right to Work” campaign that accused employers of co-operating secretly with the government in “forced labor”, several firms dropped out of the program. To prevent this from getting worse, Chris Grayling, an employment minister, admitted that young people could leave their work experience at any time without being punished for doing so. This not only halted the flight of employers (for now, at least) but also enabled him to announce that new firms have agreed to take part in the program.

11. According to the passage, young people in Britain .

A. are used to showing up for work

B. value unpaid work very much

C. are always opposed to unpaid work

D. could learn something about job security through unpaid work

12. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?

A. Most voters support the government’s effort to help young people to find work.

B. Some people protest against the government’s attempt to force young people to

work.

C. There are more than one million young people who took part in the program.

D. There are more than one million young people who are jobless.

13. According to the author, the British government is trying to .

A. punish young people if they are not cooperating with it

B. reform the unemployed youngsters

C. avoid the economic slowdown

D. reduce welfare spending

14. The word “shine” in Paragraph 3 means “ “.

A. do well B. reflect light

C. look happy D. produce light

15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?

A. Enjoy Work Without Pay B. Can Work, Won’t Work

C. Should Work, Shouldn’t Play D. Hate Work or Love Work

Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)

Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

16. Please give Jim the schedule for tomorrow’s conference when he back. He is to chair the conference.

A. will come B. come C. comes D. came

17. five minutes earlier, you would not have missed the last train for Shanghai, but you were late.

A. Had you come B. Do you come

C. Did you come D. Should you come

18. After he worked out the solution, appeared a smile on his face.

A. it B. here C. what D. there

19. the former president’s supporters went out in streets to express their anger and dissatisfaction.

A. A small amount of B. A large number of

C. A little bit of D. A great deal of

20. To be honest, today’s dinner was just so-so. It wasn’t such a good one promised by the boss.

A. that B. which C. as D. what

21. So many people ______ the meeting had to be put off.

A. being absent B. to be absent

C. were absent D. had been absent

22. We often advise him not to drink more is good for his health.

A. as B. that C. than D. but

23. —Did Charles vote in the last election?

—No, he wasn’t .

A. enough old then B. then enough old

C. old then enough D. old enough then

24. By no means look down on those who are less lucky in life than we are.

A. we should B. should we

C. we should not D. should we not

25. He didn’t feel like that day so he stayed indoors reading.

A. working B. works C. to work D. worked

26. No sooner had we started on the road it began to rain.

A. when B. than C. then D. whenever

27. He decided to go for a sailing holiday the fact that he was usually Seasick (晕船).

A. because of B. in spite of C. in case of D. as a result of

28. What you do in your spare time is your own . However it should not be harmful to others.

A. business B. purchase C. bargain D. sale

29. As a gardener, Jim has to water the flowers and the grass in the garden every morning.

A. trim B. improve C. refine D. repair

30. The firemen are still the small fires started by the plane crash.

A. taking off B. setting aside

C. getting along with D. putting out

31. He didn’t live up to had been expected of him.

A. that B. what C. which D. all

32. The old couple decided to a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.

A. adapt B. bring C. receive D. adopt

33. The relationship between employers and employees has been studied .

A. originally B. extremely C. violently D. intensively

34. The car halfway for no reason.

A. broke off B. broke down C. broke up D. broke out

35. The police that he committed a series of crimes in the north of the city.

A. swelled B. submitted C. surveyed D. suspected

36. The manager lost his just because his secretary was ten minutes late.

A. mood B. temper C. mind D. passion

37. We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came view.

A. from B. in C. before D. into

38. I have kept that portrait I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of

my university days in London.

A. which B. where C. whether D. when

39. The room is in a terrible mess; it cleaned.

A. can’t have been B. mustn’t have been

C. shouldn’t have been D. wouldn’t have been

40. You see the lightning it happens, but you hear the thunder later.

A. the instant B. for an instant

C. on the instant D. in an instant

41. it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.

A. Believe B. To believe

C. Believing D. Believed

42. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at chemist’s.

A. other B. some C. certain D. any

43. Your hair wants . You’d better have it done tomorrow.

A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. being cut

44. I don’t think it advisable that Tom to the job since he has no experience.

A. be assigned B. will be assigned

C. is assigned D. has been assigned

45. The goals he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

A. after which B. with which

C. for which D. at which

Part III Identification (10%)

Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

46. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.

A B C D

47. Sand painting has also called dry or earth painting and is practiced by

A B C

several American Indian artists.

48. Humans, like many other animals, are warm-blooded with a fairly constantly

A B C D

body temperature.

49. Now that the stress of examinations and interviews are over, we can all relax

A B C D

for a while.

50. The tallest of the twins went to search for the missing jewels, the picture of

A B

which you saw in today’s newspaper.

C D

51. They are going to have the serviceman to be installed an electric fan in the

A B C D

office tomorrow.

52. Only under special circumstances freshmen are permitted to take make-up tests.

A B C D

53. It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time we are going home?

A B C D

54. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the three-hours’ movie

A B C

could not hold our attention.

55. People appreciate to have worked with him because he has a good sense of

A B C

humor.

Partly Cloze (10%)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

By the time I finished high school, my interest in animals had grown, and I enrolled at a university to study biology. I learned soon enough that studying animals 56 this level was not in the animals’ best 57. I remember one midterm exam in 58 each student was handed a large, freshly-killed frog and 59 to dissect (解剖)and mark a set of body parts. I looked at the 60 frog in front of me and was saddened that her life was 61 away for such a slight 62.

A year later, in the same lab 63 I dissected the frog, I performed a small act of animal 64. We were 65 on fruit flies, and it was time to record the distribution of characteristics in their next generation. Flies were 66 in small plastic bottles. Counting the number of flies with white or red eyes required first exposing them to ether (乙醚) 67 they could not move. The flies were then spread onto a piece of white paper 68 and counted. When the data collection was 69 , the flies had no further use, and our instructions were to 70 them into a small glass dish of oil at the center of each desk, which was to be their final resting 71.

Once my little pile of flies had been counted, I pushed them off the edge of the paper. As we recorded our data, I kept one eye 72 them. Within minutes the pile was humming (嗡嗡叫) as tiny legs and wings beat their way out of the ether fog. I was extremely excited as they 73 flight. That was my first 74 in refusing to conduct scientific research that treated nonhuman life in a(n) 75 way.

56. A. at B, with

C. for D. off

57. A. duties B. interests

C. rates D. hobbies

58. A. what B. that

C, where D. which

59. A. dismissed B. drawn

C. instructed D. mended

60. A. alive B, dead ~

C. living D. wounded

61. A. made B. brought

C. taken D. passed

62. A. reason B. spirit

C. space D. system

63. A. that B. which

C. what D. where

64. A. operation B. liberation

C. tendency D. wealth

65. A. experimenting B. strengthening

C. stimulating D. substituting

66. A. solved B. soaked

C. recovered D. kept

67. A. while B. because

C. in case D. so that

68. A. being examined B. to be examined

C. being operated D- to be operated

69. A. preliminary B. progressive

C. complete D. curious

70. A. put B. raise

C. rouse D, spoil

71.A. shade B. shadow

C. place D. stuff

72. A. for B. with

C. at D. on

73. A. stood B. took

C. sent D. rode

74, A. step B. review

C. glance D. gesture

75. A. kind B. generous

C. cruel D. effective

Part V Translation (20%)

Section A

Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.

76. But the deeper answer is that the tales that have lasted are magical adventures that help children deal with the struggles and fears of their everyday lives.

77. Teenagers who don’t get enough rest have more learning, health, behavior and mood problems than students who get at least nine hours a night.

78. The results have been encouraging: more sleep, increased attendance, better grades and fewer driving accidents.

79. More than one million young people in Britain are unemployed, the highest number since the mid-1980s.

80. Some 35,000 youngsters participated last year; half found paid work soon after finishing the scheme.

Section B

Directions: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.

81.昨天，我坐在办公室写报告时，小明从英国打电话过来了。

82.想去图书馆的人必须在这里签名。

83.他专心致志地看书，所以没有听到电话响。

84.去年，我在伦敦过的暑假。

85.我学习英语大概有十年了。

参考答案